Shanti Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुत्रने अपने स्वाध्याय-परायण पितासे कहा

English

sacrifices, l These three, viz., a person, a sacrifice and Soma, must be of good character. A person that is of bad character is neither for this nor for the other world. This audition has been heard by us that the sacrifice which high-souled Brahmanas perform by wealth earned by excessive physical labour, is not productive of great merit. There is a declaration in the Vedas that penances are higher than sacrifices. I shall now speak to thee of penances. O learned prince, listen to me. Abstention from injury, truthfulness of speech, benevolence, compassion,— these are regarded as penances by the wise and not the emaciation of the body. Disregard of the Vedas, disobedience to the dictates of the scriptures, and violation of all wholesome restraints, are productive of self-destruction. Listen, O son of Pritha, to what has been laid down by those that pour ten libations upon the fire at ten times of the day. —For them that perform the sacrifice of penance, the Yoga they endeavour to effect with Brahma is their ladle; the heart is their clarified butter; and high knowledge constitutes their Pavitra. 2 All kinds of crookedness mean death, and all kinds of sincerity are called Brahma. This constitutes the subject of knowledge. The rhapsodies of system-builders cannot affect this.--'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

मृत्यु आ जाती है और उसे लेकर चल देती है

English

[The teacher said:] "Rare are the knowers of the Veda who stand in what the Veda says; therefore they seek here the praised path for the purpose.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अप्राप्तं सर्वकामार्थान् मृत्युरादाय गच्छति

English

Because it has been practised by the good, this conduct is not blamed; there is this understanding and another, by which one goes to the supreme goal.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अमृतको प्राप्त होता है

English

The embodied one through delusion takes up all possessions, joined with states such as desire and anger, rajasic and tamasic.

हिन्दी अर्थ

समदु:ःखसुख: क्षेमी मृत्युं हास्याम्यमर्त्यवत्

English

Therefore one should not do the impure, wishing to maintain the body; making a gap in action, he would not gain the good worlds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवताओंके समान मृत्युके भयसे मुक्त हो जाऊँगा

English

As gold joined with alloy and not well refined does not shine, so knowledge called unripe in its astringency does not shine.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्निहोत्र एवं गुरुशुश्रूषादिरूप कर्मयज्ञका अनुष्ठान करूँगा

English

He who through delusion practises adharma, following desire and greed, having left the righteous path, perishes with his followers.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अन्तवद्धधिरिव प्राज्ञ: क्षेत्रयज्जै: पिशाचवत्

English

Therefore one should follow the objects of sound and the rest without attachment; anger, joy and despondency arise from each other.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तपस्त्यागश्न सत्यं च स वै सर्वमवाप्तुयात्

English

In a body of five elements, with sattva, rajas and tamas, whom does this one praise, or whom shout at, or what should he say?

हिन्दी अर्थ

ममानुपूर्व्या येन धर्म चरेयम्

English

give the prescribed Dakshina, the sacrificer is directed to give away all he has. This direction or command is certainly terrible, for who can make up his mind to part with all his wealth for completing a

हिन्दी अर्थ

वन॑ प्रविश्याथ मुनिर्बुभूषेत्

English

morsels of cooked food for a living cow, a grain of barley for a piece of cloth; a copper coin for gold; etc.

हिन्दी अर्थ

होनेकी इच्छा करे

English

the Vedas, yet by giving its substitute he does not lose any merit, for a single Purnapatra (256 handfuls of rice) is as efficacious if given away with devotion, as the richest Dakshina.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अमोघा: का: पतन्तीह कि नु भीषयसीव माम्

English

sacrifices. In other words, such a sacrifice is fraught with merit.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सफलतापूर्वक अपना काम करके व्यतीत हो रहे हैं

English

So, in the wilderness of the world, intent on toil, one should take food for the journey, as a sick man takes medicine.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अहोरात्रा: पतन्त्येते ननु कस्मान्न बुध्यसे

English

With truth, purity, honesty and renunciation, with fame and valour, forbearance, steadiness, intellect, mind and austerity alone,

हिन्दी अर्थ

समझते क्‍यों नहीं हैं?

English

he should live with all states as they come, in order; wishing peace, with undismayed self, he should restrain the senses.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तब मैं थोड़ी देर भी प्रतीक्षा कैसे कर सकता हूँ?

English

Bewildered by sattva, rajas and tamas, creatures revolve like a wheel greatly, from ignorance.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनवाप्तेषु कामेषु मृत्युरभ्येति मानवम्

English

Therefore one should examine well the faults born of ignorance, and always give up ego, born of ignorance.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वृकीवोरणमासाद्य मृत्युरादाय गच्छति

English

The great elements, the senses, the qualities, sattva, rajas and tamas: the three worlds with their lord, all, are founded on ego.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अकृतेष्वेव कार्येषु मृत्युर्वैं सम्प्रकर्षति

English

As time here shows the fixed qualities of the seasons, so know ego among beings as the mover of beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न हि प्रतीक्षते मृत्यु: कृतमस्य न वा कृतम्

English

Know tamas as the bewilderer, dark, born of ignorance; and the three qualities all bound with joy and sorrow: learn them, of sattva, rajas and tamas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पूरा हुआ या नहीं

English

Delusion, joy-born delight, freedom from doubt, steadiness, memory: know these as the qualities of sattva; these others are rajasic and tamasic.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृते धर्मे भवेत् कीर्तिरिह प्रेत्य च वै सुखम्

English

Desire, anger, heedlessness, greed, delusion, fear, weariness, despondency, grief, discontent, pride, arrogance and ignobleness,

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृत्वा कार्यमकार्य वा पुष्टिमेषां प्रयच्छति

English

of such faults as these, examining the heavy and light, one should consider each in turn, those resting in oneself."

हिन्दी अर्थ

करने तथा न करने योग्य काम करके इन सबका पालन-पोषण करता है

English

[The disciple said:] "Which faults are given up by the mind, which loosened by the intellect? Which come again and again, which are fruitless from delusion?

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुप्तं व्याप्रो मृगमिव मृत्युरादाय गच्छति

English

Of which should the wise man weigh strength and weakness by reasons and intellect? Tell me all this, lord, so that I may know."

हिन्दी अर्थ

उन्हींमें मनको फँसाये रखनेवाले मनुष्यको एक दिन मृत्यु आकर उठा ले जाती है

English

[The teacher said:] "With faults cut off from the root, the pure soul is freed; as an iron one destroys what has arisen, so the self-trained one is destroyed by innate rajasic faults.

हिन्दी अर्थ

व्यात्र: पशुमिवादाय मृत्युरादाय गच्छति

English

Rajasic and tamasic, born of the action of the pure-souled, all that is the seed of embodied beings; all is the same for the self-possessed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षेत्रापणगृहासक्तं मृत्युरादाय गच्छति

English

Therefore the self-possessed should avoid rajas and tamas; freed from rajas and tamas, sattva would become spotless.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुषक्तं यदा देहे किं स्वस्थ इव तिष्ठसि

English

Or they say, with mantras, of eaters of meat, the Yajus is made; the same is the reason in abstaining from taking and in keeping to pure dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुषक्ता द्वयेनैते भावा: स्थावरजड्रमा:

English

By rajas he undertakes tasks joined with dharma and wealth, and excessively enjoys all desires.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्यागम: सदा दान्तः सत्येनैवान्तकं॑ जयेत्

English

By tamas he pursues what is joined with greed and born of anger, delighting in violence, drowsy and sleepy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मृत्युमापद्यते मोहात् सत्येनापद्यतेडमृतम्

English

Abiding in sattva, resorting to it, he sees pure sattvic states; that embodied one is spotless, fortunate, pure, endowed with knowledge."

हिन्दी अर्थ

और सत्यसे सम्पन्न होता है, वह निश्चय ही सब कुछ प्राप्त कर सकता है

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'The most trifling act, O grandsire, cannot be accomplished by any man if unaided. What then need be said of the king (who has to govern a kingdom)? What should be the behaviour and what the acts of the king's minister? Upon whom should the king repose confidence and upon whom should he not?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

विविधान्युपवर्तन्ते दु:खानि च सुखानि च

English

[The teacher said:] "They enter the supreme Self, the god, imperishable and undecaying, Vishnu, established in the unmanifest, best of gods.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तो सुख पाकर प्रसन्न हो और न दुःखमें पड़कर परितप्त हो

English

Men, their limbs pierced by his maya, fallen from knowledge and without hope, from the bewilderment of knowledge then go to desire.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अकामात्मापि हि सदा धुरमुद्यम्य चैव ह

English

From desire they reach anger, and greed and delusion; from pride and arrogance, ego; from ego, actions.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अकिंचन: सुखं शेते समुत्तिषछति चैव ह

English

From actions come the bond of affection; from affection, grief; from the beginning of pleasure and pain, births and non-births, moments made.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनमित्रपथो होष दुर्लभ: सुलभो मत:

English

From birth, the dwelling in the womb, born of semen and blood, and turbid with the origin of excrement, urine, moisture and blood.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मार्गमें किसी प्रकारके शत्रुका भी खटका नहीं है। यह दुर्लभ होनेपर भी सुलभ है

English

Overcome by craving, bound by them, floating among them, there one should understand women as the carriers of the web of the world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अवेक्षमाणस्त्रीललॉकान् न तुल्यमिह लक्षये

English

By nature they are the field; men are marked as the knower of the field; therefore the wise man should especially pass beyond them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वैराग्यसम्पन्न पुरुषके समान दूसरा कोई नहीं दिखायी देता है

English

These are the witches in dreadful form who bewilder the unwise; the eternal form of the senses is concealed in rajas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नास्ति रागसमं दुःखं नास्ति त्यागसमं सुखम्

English

"Bhishma said, 'Kings, O monarch, have four kinds of friends. They are he that has the same object, he that is devoted, he that is related by birth, and he that has been won over (by gifts and kindness). A person of righteous soul, who would serve one and not both sides, is the fifth in the enumeration of the king's friends. Such a person adopts that side on which righteousness is, and accordingly acts righteously. With respect to such a person, the king should never disclose such purposes of his as would not enlist his sympathy.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्थित हूँ। आगे भी आत्मामें ही लीन होऊँगा। संतान मुझे पार नहीं उतारेगी

English

Kings desirous of success are obliged to adopt both kinds of paths, righteous and unrighteous. Of the four kinds of friends, the second and the third are superior, while the first and the fourth should ever be regarded with suspicion. In view, however, of those acts which the king should do in person, he should always regard with suspicion all the four. The king should never act heedlessly in the matter of watching his friends. A king that is heedless is always overpowered by others. A wicked man assumes the garb of honesty, and he that is honest becomes otherwise. A foe may become a friend and a friend may become a foe. A man cannot always be of the same mind. Who is there that would trust him completely? All the chief acts, therefore, of a king he should accomplish in his own presence. A complete reliance (on his ministers) is destructive of both morality and profit. A want of trust again in respect of all is worse than death. Trustfulness is premature death. One incurs danger by truthfulness. If one trusts another completely, he is said to live by the sufferance of the trusted person. For this reason every one should be trusted as also mistrusted. This eternal rule of policy, O sire, should be kept in view. One should always mistrust that person who would, upon one's desire, obtain one's wealth. The wise declare such a person to be one's enemy. A person whose joy knows no bounds upon beholding the aggrandisement of the king and who feels miserable upon seeing the king's decay, furnishes the indications of one of the best friends of the king. He whose fall would be brought about by thy fall, should be trusted by thee completely even as thou shouldst trust thy sire. Thou shouldst, to the best of thy power, aggrandise him as thou winnest aggrandisement for thyself. One who, in even thy religious rites, seeks to rescue thee from harm, would seek to rescue thee from harm's way in every other business. Such a one should be regarded as thy best friend. They, on the other hand, that wish one harm are one's foes. That friend is said to be like thy own self who is inspired with fear when calamity overtakes thee and with joy when prosperity shines on thee. A person possessed of beauty, fair complexion, excellent voice, liberality, benevolence, and good birth, cannot be such a friend. That

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततस्ततश्षोपरम: क्रियाभ्य:

English

Rajas is cast in tamas; sattva stands in tamas; ignorance is the seat of knowledge, marked by intellect and ego.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तो सही, आपके पिता और पितामह कहाँ चले गये?

English

They call that the seed of the embodied, that seed called the soul; by action joined with time it turns the cycle of the world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा त्वमपि वर्तस्व सत्यधर्मपरायण:

English

As the embodied one, as in dream, seems to delight in a body with the mind, so, with qualities carrying the womb of action, he comes to be in the womb.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पडज्चसप्तत्यधिकशततमो ध्याय:

English

Impelled by action as seed, whichever sense it is arises from ego, with a mind joined with attachment.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुखदु:खागमस्तेषां कः कथं वा पितामह

English

From attachment to sound the ear is born for him of purified self; from attachment to form, the eye; the nose from the wish for scent.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शम्पाकेनेह मुक्तेन गीत॑ शान्तिगतेन च

English

From touches, the wind, dependent on prana and apana; vyana, udana and samana: the fivefold support of the body.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उदाहरण देते हैं, जिसे परम शान्त जीवन्मुक्त शम्पाकने यहाँ कहा था

English

By limbs that are born, produced by action, covered by Brahma, a man is of sorrow at its beginning, middle and end, bodily and mental.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्लिश्यमान: कुदारेण कुचैलेन बुभुक्षया

English

Know sorrow from taking up, and it grows from conceit; by giving up those, there is cessation; the knower of cessation is freed.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नाना प्रकारके सुख-दु:ख प्राप्त होने लगते हैं

English

Of the senses both rise and dissolution are in rajas alone; the wise man should move about, examining with the eye of scripture.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न सुखं प्राप्य संहृष्येन्नासुखं प्राप्प संज्वरेत्

English

The senses of knowledge do not approach the objects of the senses eagerly; by the causes known, the embodied one does not deserve a body again."

हिन्दी अर्थ

अत्यरिच्यत दारिद्रयं राज्यादपि गुणाधिकम्

English

person who is possessed of intelligence and memory, who is clever in the transaction of business, who is naturally averse from cruelty, who never indulges in wrath, and who, whether regarded or disregarded is never dissatisfied, be he thy priest or preceptor or honoured friend should always receive thy worship if he accepts the office of thy counsellor and resides in thy abode. Such a person may be informed of thy most secret counsels and the true state of all thy affairs religious or pertaining to matters of profit. Thou mayst confide in him as in thy own sire. One person should be appointed to one task, and not two or three. Those may not tolerate each other. It is always seen that several persons, if set to one task, disagree with one another. That person who achieves celebrity, who observes all restraints, who never feels jealous of others that are able and competent, who never does any evil act, who never abandons righteousness from lust or fear or covetousness or wrath, who is clever in the transaction of business, and who is possessed of wise and weighty speech, should be thy foremost of ministers. Persons possessed of good birth and good behaviour,

हिन्दी अर्थ

परिक्षीण: परस्वानामादानं साधु मन्यते

English

[The teacher said:] "Among all beings the Person is said to be the best; above persons they place the twice-born; above the twice-born, those who speak mantras.

हिन्दी अर्थ

है और यही परम उत्तम सुख माना गया है

English

They are distinguished among all beings, omniscient, all-seeing, the brahmanas who know the truth of the Veda, resolved on the truth of the purpose.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इतिहासमें वर्णित है। उसे बताता हूँ, सुनो

English

As a blind man meets hardship on the road, so the man without knowledge in the world; therefore the knowers of knowledge are superior.

हिन्दी अर्थ

केनचिद् धनशेषेण क्रीतवान् दम्यगोयुगम्

English

Those wishing for dharma follow these and those dharmas according to scripture; but there is no common wealth for them apart from these virtues.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आसीनमुष्टं मध्येन सहसैवाभ्यधावताम्

English

Purity of speech, body and mind, forbearance, truth, steadiness, memory: knowers of dharma teach these virtues in all dharmas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उत्थायोत्क्षिप्प तौ दम्यौ प्रससार महाजव:

English

That form of Brahman which is held to be celibacy is supreme above all beings; by it they go to the supreme goal.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ग्रियमाणौ च सम्प्रेक्ष्य मड्किस्तत्राब्रवीदिदम्

English

That which is free of union with the mark and free of touch of the body, hearing by the ear, seeing by the eye,

हिन्दी अर्थ

युक्तेन श्रद्धया सम्यगीहां समनुतिष्ठता

English

tasting by the tongue, that too is given up; with intellect and resolve, celibacy is without stain.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नित्योद्धिग्नो हि धनवान् मृत्योरास्यगतो यथा

English

who are liberal and who never indulge in brag, who are brave and respectable, and learned and full of resources, should be appointed as ministers for supervising all thy affairs. Honoured by thee and gratified with wealth, they would act for thy good and be of great help to thee. Appointed to offices connected with profit and other important matters they always bring about great prosperity. Moved by a feeling of healthy rivalry, they discharge all duties connected with profit, holding consultations with one another when necessary. Thou shouldst fear thy kinsmen as thou shouldst death itself. A kinsman can never bear a kinsman's prosperity even as a feudatory chief cannot bear to see the prosperity of his overlord. None but a kinsman can feel joy at the destruction of a kinsman adorned with sincerity, mildness, liberality, modesty, and truthfulness of speech. They, again, that have no kinsmen, cannot be happy. No men can be more contemptible than they that are destitute of kinsmen. A person that has no kinsmen is easily overridden by foes. Kinsmen constitute the refuge of one that is afflicted by other men, for kinsmen can never bear to see a kinsman afflicted by other people. When a kinsman is persecuted by even his friends, every kinsman of the persecuted regards the injury to be inflicted upon himself. In kinsmen, therefore, there are both merits and faults. A person destitute of kinsmen never shows favours to any one nor humbles himself to any one. In kinsmen, therefore both merit and demerit may be marked. One should, for this reason, always honour and worship his kinsmen in words and acts, and do them agreeable offices without injuring them at any time. Mistrusting them at heart, one should behave towards them as if he trusted them completely. Reflecting upon their nature, it seems that they have neither faults nor merits. A person who heedfully conducts himself in this way finds his very foes disarmed of hostility and converted into friends. One who always conducts himself in this way amid kinsmen and relatives and bears himself thus towards friends and foes, succeeds in winning everlasting

हिन्दी अर्थ

उद्विग्न रहता है, मानो मौतके मुखमें पड़ा हुआ हो

English

Celibacy is very hard; hear from me the means: the twice-born should restrain the mind when it has arisen and risen.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रभवन्ति धनत्यागाद् विमुक्तस्य निराशिष:

English

Tales of women should not be heard, nor naked women be looked at; by sometimes seeing them, passion enters the weak.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बाहूपधान शाम्यन्तं प्रशंसन्ति दिवौकस:

English

When passion arises, he should practise austerity, enter water thrice a day; if overcome in a dream, he should mentally mutter the Aghamarshana three times.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तिर्यगीक्ष: शुष्कमुख: पापको भ्रुकुटीमुख:

English

Thus the wise man should burn up the sin, the rajas-made, within, with a mind joined with knowledge, continually.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पापमें ही मग्न रहा करता है

English

As a bond without gap joined with filth and impurity, so know the self in the body as bound by the body.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कस्तमिच्छेत् परिद्रष्टं दातुमिच्छति चेन्महीम्

English

Wind, bile and phlegm, blood, skin, flesh, sinew, bone and marrow, the juices of men nourish through the net of veins.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सा तस्य चित्त हरति शारदा भ्रमिवानिल:

English

Ten channels here carry the qualities of the five senses; by them the other subtle channels, thousands, are extended.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अभिजातोडस्मि सिद्धो स्मि नास्मि केवलमानुष:

English

So these veins are rivers carrying juice and nourish the ocean of the body in due time, as rivers the ocean.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मानने लगता है कि मैं बड़ा कुलीन हूँ, सिद्ध हूँ, कोई साधारण मनुष्य नहीं हूँ

English

In the middle of the heart there is one vein, the mind-carrying one; it sends out in all limbs the semen born of the intention of men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

होकर दूसरोंके धनको हड़प लाना अच्छा मानने लगता है

English

The veins that spread through all the limbs, following it, reach the eyes, carrying the quality of fire.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मृगोंकी गति रोक देते हैं

English

As ghee hidden in milk is churned out with a churning-stick, so semen is churned out by the churning sticks born of the body's intention.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विविधान्युपपद्यन्ते गात्रसंस्पर्शजान्यपि

English

So too in dream the mind-born passion arrives, and the mind-carrying vein sends out semen, untouched, from the body of the man.

हिन्दी अर्थ

लोकथर्ममवज्ञाय ध्रुवाणामध्रुवै: सह

English

The great sage, the blessed Atri, knew the origin of that semen; it has three seeds, its deity is Indra; therefore it is called indriya.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नात्यक्त्वा चाभय: शेते त्यक्त्वा सर्व सुखी भव

English

Those who know the course of semen, which causes mixing of beings, are detached, their faults burnt, and do not gain birth in a body.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शम्पाकेन पुरा महां तस्मात् त्याग: परो मत:

English

Having reached equality of the qualities, with mind alone driving the mind, impelling the breaths of bodily action, he is freed at the end of time.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वर्णन किया था। अतः: त्याग ही सबसे श्रेष्ठ माना गया है

English

Knowledge will come from the mind, the mind itself is extended; the luminous, stainless, divine is perfected here for the great souls.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धनतृष्णाभिभूतश्न कि कुर्वन् सुखमाप्नुयात्

English

Therefore, to avoid harm to it, one should do stainless action; having given up rajas and tamas here, he would not reach an animal birth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निर्वेदश्चाविधित्सा च यस्य स्यात् स सुखी नर:

English

Knowledge gained in youth becomes weak by paramours; but with ripe understanding, in time, one takes up mental strength.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एष स्वर्गश्न धर्मश्व॒ सुखं चानुत्तमं मतम्

English

Having crossed beyond the bond of qualities, as a very hard road, when he sees, then passing beyond faults, he enjoys immortality."