Shanti Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मिन् पथि महाराज सेवमानो द्रुतं ययौ

English

of the duties of their order, humbly and duly serve and wait upon the other three orders without entertaining any malice towards them. How then hast thou been able to possess my heart? I support the helpless and the old, the weak, the ill, and women (without guardians), by supplying them with all their necessaries. How then hast thou been able to possess my heart? I am never an exterminator of the special customs of families and of countries existing duly from days of old. How then hast thou been able to possess my heart? The ascetics in my kingdom are protected and worshipped. They are always honoured and entertained with food. How then hast thou been able to possess my heart? I never eat without feeding others from my dishes. I never go to other people's wives. I never sport or recreate alone. How then hast thou been able to possess my heart? No one in my kingdom who is not a Brahmacharin begs his food, and no one who leads the Bhikshu mode of life desires to be a Brahmacharin. No one who is not a Ritwij pours libations (of clarified butter) upon the sacrificial fire. How then hast thou been able to possess my soul? I never disregard the learned or the old or those that are engaged in penances. When the whole population sleeps, I keep myself awake (for watching and protecting). How then hast thou been able to possess my heart? My priest possesses knowledge of self. He is given to penances, and is conversant with all duties. Possessed of great intelligence, he has the fullest power over my kingdom. By gifts I desire to acquire knowledge, and by truth and the protection of Brahmanas, I desire to attain regions of blessedness in heaven. By service I attach myself to my preceptors, I have no fear of Rakshasas. In my kingdom there are no widows, no wicked Brahmanas, no Brahmana that has fallen away from his duties, no deceitful person, no thief, no Brahmana that officiates in the sacrifices of people for whom he should never officiate, and no perpetrator of sinful deeds. I have no fear of Rakshasas. There is no space in my body, of even two fingers' breadth, that does not bear the scar of a weapon-wound. I always fight for the sake of righteousness. How hast thou been able to possess my heart? The people of my kingdom always invoke blessings upon me in order that I may always be able to protect kine and Brahmanas and perform sacrifices. How then hast thou been able to possess me?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

गोत्रमात्रविदो राजा निवासं समपृच्छत

English

[Yudhishthira said:] "I wish to hear in truth, best of the Bharatas, about Narayana, Hrishikesha, Govinda, the unconquered Keshava."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तिलदर्भोदकेनाथ अर्चिता विधिवद् द्विजा:

English

[Bhishma said:] "This matter has been heard from Rama Jamadagnya as he spoke, from Narada the divine sage, and from Krishna Dvaipayana.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथेष्टं तानि रत्नानि जग॒हुब्रह्मिणर्षभा:

English

Asita Devala, dear, and Valmiki of great austerity, and Markandeya tell the great wonder in Govinda.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्याविदूरे रक्षार्थ खगेन्द्रेण कृतो5भवत्

English

Keshava, best of the Bharatas, the blessed lord, master, is heard of as the Person, as all, in many ways, the pervader.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृतघ्नस्तु स दुष्टात्मा तं जिघांसुरथाग्रत:

English

But hear, Yudhishthira, mighty-armed, the glories of the bearer of the Sharnga bow which the brahmanas know in the world.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुवर्णका बोझ सिरपर उठाकर वह ब्राह्मण बड़ी तेजीके साथ वहाँसे चल दिया

English

And what the knowers of the Puranas say, lord of men, I shall tell in full about Govinda.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नप्रेक्षे राजधर्माणमद्य पुत्र खगोत्तमम्

English

The great-souled best of Persons, the self of beings, arranged the great elements: wind, fire, water, space and earth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आज पक्षियोंमें श्रेष्ठ राजधर्माको नहीं देख रहा हूँ

English

Having seen the earth, that lord of all beings, the great-souled best of Persons, made his sleep on the waters.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शैलप्राकारवप्रं च शैलयन्त्राकुलं तथा

English

"The Rakshasa said, 'Since thou art observant of the duties under all circumstances, therefore, O king of the Kaikeyas, go back to thy abode. Blessed be thou, I leave thee. They, O king of the Kaikeyas, who protect kine and

हिन्दी अर्थ

रक्षाके लिये सब ओर शिलाकी बड़ी-बड़ी चट्टानें और मशीनें थीं

English

Brahmanas and all their subjects, have nothing to fear from Rakshasas, and much less from sinful persons. Those kings that give the lead to Brahmanas and whose might depends upon that of the Brahmanas, and whose subjects discharge the duties of hospitality, always succeeds in acquiring

हिन्दी अर्थ

गौतमो नगरद्वारात् शीघ्रमानीयतामिति

English

"Bhishma continued, 'Thou shouldst, therefore, protect the Brahmanas. Protected by thee, they will protect thee in return. Their blessings, O king, would surely descend upon kings of righteous behaviour. For the sake of righteousness, those Brahmanas that are not observant of the duties of their order should be chastised and separated (into a distinct class) from their superiors. A king who conducts himself in this way towards the people of his city and the provinces, obtains prosperity here and residence in heaven with Indra.'"

हिन्दी अर्थ

गौतमेत्यभिभाषन्त: पुरद्वारमुपागमन्

English

There the blessed god, lighting the quarters in the lotus, became Brahma, dear, the grandfather of all beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्वरस्व तूर्णमागच्छ राजा त्वां द्रष्टमिच्छति

English

When that great soul appeared, the great asura named Madhu was born, older than darkness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सत्यवां त्वरति वै द्रष्ट तत् क्षिप्रं संविधीयताम्

English

Fierce, of fierce deeds, devoted to fierce thoughts, him the best of Persons slew, doing honour to Brahma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गौतम: परमर्धि तां पश्चन् परमविस्मित:

English

From his slaying, dear, all gods, Danavas and men call him Madhusudana, the bull of all the Satvatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

राक्षसराजकी उस महा-समृद्धिको देखकर उसे बड़ा आश्चर्य होता था

English

Brahma created mental sons, with Daksha as seventh: Marichi, Atri, Angiras, Pulastya, Pulaha and Kratu.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दर्शन राक्षसेन्द्रस्य कांक्षमाणो द्विजस्तदा

English

Marichi created Kashyapa, dear, his eldest son; he brought forth the mental, radiant best of Brahmanas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न तत्र व्याजहारान्यद् गोत्रमात्रादृते द्विज:

English

Brahma created from his thumb one who was born even before Marichi; he, best of the Bharatas, became the lord of creatures called Daksha.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जाननेवाले उस ब्राह्मणसे राजाने उसका निवासस्थान पूछा

English

Ten and three daughters were born to him earlier, Bharata, daughters of that lord of creatures; the eldest of them was Diti.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तच्त्वं ब्रूहि न भी: कार्या विश्वसस्व यथासुखम्

English

Marichi's son Kashyapa, knower of all special dharmas, of holy fame and great renown, became the husband of them all.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शूद्रा पुनर्भूर्भार्या मे सत्यमेतद् ब्रवीमि ते

English

Having begotten them, the great Daksha, lord of creatures and knower of dharma, gave ten of the younger ones to Dharma.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कथं वा सुकृतं मे स्यथादिति बुद्धयान्वचिन्तयत्

English

Dharma's sons were the Vasus and the Rudras of immeasurable splendour, the Vishvedevas, Sadhyas and Marutvants, Bharata.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सम्प्रेषितश्न॒ तेनायं काश्यपेन ममान्तिकम्

English

Of the younger ones, twenty-seven others; Soma, greatly fortunate, became the husband of all of them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भ्राता मे बान्धवश्चासौ सखा च हृदयज्भम:

English

The others bore gandharvas, horses, birds, cows, kimpurushas, fish and sprout-born plants.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सस्‍्नातानामनुसम्प्राप्तं सुमहत् क्षौीमवाससाम्

English

Aditi bore the Adityas, the best of gods, of great strength; among them Vishnu was Vamana, and the lord Govinda.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथा प्रतिजग्राह विधिदृष्टेन कर्मणा

English

By his stride the fortune of the gods grew, and the Danavas were overcome, with the Daitya and asura subjects.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यथायोग्य स्वागत-सत्कार किया

English

Danu created the Danavas with Viprachitti foremost; Diti bore all the asuras of great strength.

हिन्दी अर्थ

भूमौ वरकुशा: स्तीर्णा: प्रेष्यर्भरतसत्तम

English

Madhusudana arranged day and night, time, the seasons, forenoon and afternoon, all of it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

विरूपाक्षने तिल, कुश और जल लेकर उनका विधिवत् पूजन किया

English

By thought he made the waters, clouds, and the moving and unmoving; he made the whole earth, with great splendour.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वरान्नपूर्णा विप्रेभ्य: प्रादान्मधुघृतप्लुता:

English

Then, Yudhishthira, mighty-armed Krishna again created from his mouth a hundred best brahmanas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पकवान परोसकर उन ब्राह्मणोंके आगे रख दिये

English

From his arms a hundred kshatriyas, from his thighs a hundred vaishyas, and from his feet a hundred shudras, Keshava, bull of the Bharatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ईप्सितं भोजनवरं लभन्ते सत्कृतं सदा

English

Having thus created the four classes, the lord of great fame made a supervisor over all beings, the Creator.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इच्छाके अनुसार उत्तम भोजन पाते थे

English

As long as men had faith to sustain the body, so long they lived; there was no fear made by Yama.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शरद् व्यपाये रत्नानि पौर्णमास्यामिति श्रुति:

English

Nor was there the dharma of union for them, best of the Bharatas; offspring arose for them by intention alone.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणोंको रत्नोंका दान करता था; ऐसा सुननेमें आया है

English

In the Treta age offspring were born by intention; there was no dharma of union for them even then, lord of men.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुवर्ण रजतं चैव मणीनथ च मौक्तिकान्

English

In the Dvapara the dharma of union arose among the people, king, and in the Kali age, king, people fell into pairs.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रत्नराशीन् विनिक्षिप्य दक्षिणार्थे स भारत

English

This is the lord of beings and his own overseer, dear, as told; but those without an overseer, Kaunteya, I shall tell also.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृह्नीत रत्नान्येतानि यथोत्साहं यथेष्टत:

English

Those born in the southern region are all Talavaras, Andhrikas, Utsas, Pulindas, Shabaras, Chuchupas and Mandapas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नानादेशगतान् राजन् राक्षसान् प्रतिषिध्य वै

English

I shall tell also of those born in the northern region: Yaunas, Kambojas, Gandharas, Kiratas with Barbaras.

हिन्दी अर्थ

राक्षसे भ्य: प्रमोदध्वमिष्टतो यात माचिरम्

English

These, dear, doers of sin, roam this earth, lord of men, like dogs, crows and vultures in their ways.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न्यषीदच्च परिश्रान्तः क्लान्तश्न क्षुधितश्न॒ सः

English

These did not roam this earth in the Krita age, dear; from the Treta on, those people exist, best of the Bharatas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पूजां चाप्यकरोद् धीमान् भोजनं चाप्यकल्पयत्

English

Then, in that very terrible twilight at the end of the age, kings clashed, approaching one another.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न चास्ति पथि भोक्तव्यं प्राणसंधारणं मम

English

Thus, best of the Kurus, this appearance of the great soul was told by Narada, the divine sage who sees all the worlds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः स पथि भोक्तवयं प्रेक्षमाणो न किंचन

English

Narada, too, king, considered Krishna's eternity supreme, mighty-armed, best of the Bharatas, as it is.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अयं बकपति: पाश्चे मांसराशि: स्थितो महान्

English

So this mighty-armed Keshava, of true valour, lotus-eyed, inconceivable, is not merely a man."

हिन्दी अर्थ

मां वा दृष्टवा कदाचित् स न गच्छति गृहं खग:

English

" Yudhishthira said, 'It has been said that in seasons of distress a Brahmana may support himself by the practice of Kshatriya duties. Can he, however, at any time, support himself by the practice of the duties laid down for the Vaisyas?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

और हड्डियोंसे रहित राजधर्माकी लाश भी मिल गयी

English

[Bhishma said:] "Hear, best of the Bharatas, what you ask me: the lords of creatures who are each remembered in the directions.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एवमस्त्विति तानाह राक्षसेन्द्रो निशाचरान्

English

There is one Self-born, the blessed primal eternal Brahma; Brahma had seven great-souled self-born sons.

हिन्दी अर्थ

द्विसप्तत्यधिकशततमोध्याय:

English

Marichi, Atri, Angiras, Pulastya, Pulaha, Kratu and the greatly fortunate Vasishtha, equal to the Self-born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रत्नैर्गन्धैश्व बहुभिवस्त्रैश्ष समलंकृताम्

English

These are the seven Brahmas, as settled in the Purana; beyond this I shall tell of all the Prajapatis.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रेतकार्याणि विधिवद् राक्षसेन्द्रश्नकार ह

English

Born in the line of Atri, of Brahma's womb, eternal, was the blessed Prachinabarhis; from him came the ten Prachetases.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपरिष्टात् ततस्तस्य सा बभूव पयस्विनी

English

The one son of the ten was the Prajapati named Daksha; he has two names in the world, Daksha and Ka.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सो5पतदू वै ततस्तस्यां चितायां राजधर्मण:

English

Kashyapa, son of Marichi, has two names heard of: one is Arishtanemi and the other they know as Kashyapa.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उत्पत्य च समीयाय विरूपाक्षं बकाधिप:

English

And Anga, his own son, the glorious king, and Bhauma, the mighty, who attended a thousand divine ages.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मान्न शुद्धवते भावो मम स ज्ञायतां सुह्ृत्

English

"Bhishma said, 'When a Brahmana loses his means of support and falls into distress, he may certainly betake himself to the practices of a Vaisya and derive his support by agriculture and keeping cattle, if, of course, he is incompetent for Kshatriya duties.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

संदेह पैदा हो गया है। तुम मेरे मित्रका पता लगाओ

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'If a Brahmana, O bull of Bharata's race, betakes himself to the duties of a Vaisya, what articles may he sell without losing his prospect of heaven?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

तद्व्र॒तस्तत्र मे शंका हन्यात् तं॑ स द्विजाधम:

English

"Bhishma said, 'Wines, salt, sesamum seeds, animals having manes, bulls, honey, meat, and cooked food, O Yudhishthira, under all circumstances, a Brahmana should avoid. A Brahmana, by selling these, would sink into hell. A Brahmana, by selling a goat, incurs the sin of selling the god of fire; by selling a sheep, the sin of selling the god of water; by selling a horse, the sin of selling the god of the sun; by selling cooked food, the sin of selling land; and by selling a cow, the sin of selling sacrifice and the Soma juice. These, therefore, should not be sold (by a Brahmana). They that are good do not applaud the purchase of uncooked food by giving cooked food in exchange. Uncooked food, however, may be given for procuring cooked food, O Bharata! I 'We will eat this cooked food of thine. Thou mayst cook these raw things (that we give in exchange). '--In a compact of this kind there is no sin. Listen, O Yudhishthira, I shall speak to thee of the eternal practice, existing from days of old, of persons conducting themselves

हिन्दी अर्थ

पड़ता था। उसीपर मेरा संदेह है। कहीं वह मेरे मित्रको मार न डाले

English

approved usages. 'I give thee this. Give me this other thing in return.' Exchange by such agreement is righteous. To take things by force, however, is sinful. Even such is the course of the usage followed by the Rishis and others. Without doubt, this is righteous.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

निष्कृपो दारुणाकारो दुष्टो दस्युरिवाधम:

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'When, O sire, all the orders, giving up their respective duties, take up arms against the king, then, of course, the power of the king decreases. —By what means should the king then become the protector and refuge of the people? Resolve this doubt of mine, O king, by speaking to me in detail.'

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुत्र शीघ्रमितो गत्वा राजधर्मनिवेशनम्

English

"Bhishma said, 'By gifts, by penances, by sacrifices, by peacefulness, and by self-restraint, all the orders headed by the Brahmanas should, on such occasions, seek their own good. Those amongst them that are endued with Vedic strength, should rise up on every side and like the gods strengthening Indra

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुद्धात्मा पक्षिराज जीवित हैं या नहीं। इस कार्यमें विलम्बन करो”

English

Pusha, Tvashta, Indra, and Vishnu, said to be the twelfth: these are the twelve Adityas, born of Kashyapa himself.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स एवमुक्तस्त्वरितो रक्षोभि: सहितो ययौ

English

Nasatya and Dasra are remembered as the two Ashvins, sons of Martanda, the eighth of the Prajapati's sons.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स रुदन्नगमत् पुत्रो राक्षसेन्द्रस्य धीमत:

English

And Tvashta's son was the glorious Vishvarupa of great fame; Ajaikapad, Ahirbudhnya, Virupaksha, Raivata,

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततोविदूरे जगृहुर्गौतम॑ राक्षसास्तदा

English

Hara, Bahurupa, Tryambaka, lord of the gods, Savitra, Jayanta, and the unconquered Pinakin: the eight Vasus, greatly fortunate, were named earlier.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तमादायाथ रक्षांसि द्रुतं मेरुत्रजं ययु:

English

Such gods as these are of Manu the Prajapati; they and the earlier gods are remembered as the two kinds of ancestors.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृतघ्नं परुषं तं च गौतमं पापकारिणम्

English

Others delight in character and form, and others among the Siddhas and Sadhyas; the Ribhus and Maruts are the urged hosts of the gods.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आर्तनादश्न सुमहानभूत् तस्य निवेशने

English

So these are recorded: the Vishvedevas and the Ashvins; the Adityas are their kshatriyas, and the Maruts their vaishyas.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अथाब्रवीन्नूषप: पुत्रं पापो5यं वध्यतामिति

English

The Ashvins are held to be shudras, absorbed in fierce austerity; the Angiras gods are remembered as brahmanas, so it is settled. Thus the fourfold order of all the gods is told.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसके मांसका यथेष्ट उपयोग करें

English

He who rises at dawn and recites these gods is freed from all sin, whether born of himself or done by another.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पापाचार: पापकर्मा पापात्मा पापसाधन:

English

Yavakrita, Raibhya, Arvavasu, Paravasu, Aushija, Kakshivan and Nala were sons of Angiras.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतः तुम्हें इसका वध कर देना चाहिए, यही मेरा मत है”

English

Kanva, son of the sage Medhatithi, and Barhishada, dear, who are makers of the three worlds, are the seven sages of the east.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इत्युक्ता राक्षसेन्द्रेण राक्षसा घोरविक्रमा:

English

Unmucha, Vimucha, Svastyatreya the mighty, Pramucha, Idhmavaha and the blessed Dridhavrata,

हिन्दी अर्थ

खानेकी इच्छा नहीं की; क्योंकि वह घोर पापाचारी था

English

and Agastya, the mighty son of Mitra and Varuna: these Brahmarshis ever rest in the southern quarter."

हिन्दी अर्थ

दस्यूनां दीयतामेष साध्वद्य पुरुषाधम:

English

Rushadgu, Kavasa, Dhaumya, the mighty Parivyadha, Ekata, Dvita and Trita, great sages,

हिन्दी अर्थ

आज ही डाकुओंके हवाले कर दो”

English

and the blessed son of Atri and the lord Sarasvata: these nine great souls rest in the western quarter.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इत्युक्ता राक्षसास्तेन शूलपट्टिशपाणय:

English

Atreya, Vasishtha and the great sage Kashyapa, Gautama with Bharadvaja, Vishvamitra and Kaushika,

हिन्दी अर्थ

गौतमके टुकड़े-टुकड़े करके उसे दस्युओंको सौंप दिया

English

and likewise the blessed son of the great-souled Richika, Jamadagni: these seven rest in the northern quarter.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्रव्यादा अपि राजेन्द्र कृतघ्नं नोपभुज्जते

English

These, of keen splendour, are all named for each direction, great souls, witnesses, makers of the worlds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

निष्कृतिर्विहिता राजन् कृतघ्ने नास्ति निष्कृति:

English

Thus these great souls stand each in a direction; by reciting them one is freed from all sins.

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्रव्याहै: कृमिभिश्चिव न भुज्यन्ते हि तादृशा:

English

He who takes refuge in whichever direction these dwell is freed from all sins and may go home in safety."