Shanti Parva

हिन्दी अर्थ

योगसे ही इनकी उपलब्धि होती है

English

does what is for the general good, he is then said to assume the form of Aditya. When he destroys in wrath hundreds of wicked men with their sons, grandsons, and relatives, he is then said to assume the form of the Destroyer. When he restrains the wicked by inflicting upon them severe punishments and favours the righteous by bestowing rewards upon them, he is then said to assume the form of Yama. When he gratifies with profuse gifts of wealth those that have rendered him valuable services, and snatches away the wealth and precious stones of those that have offended him, indeed, when he bestows prosperity upon some and takes it away from others, he is then, O king, said to assume the form of Kuvera on earth. No person who is possessed of cleverness, who is capable of work, who desires the acquisition of virtue, and who is free from malice, should ever spread evil reports about the king. No man, by acting against the king, can ever make himself happy, even if he happens to be the king's son or brother or companion or one whom the king regards as his second self. Fire, having the wind for his urger, blazing forth (among articles that are inflammable) ,

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुत्रस्नेहाभिभूतानां युष्माकं शोचतां भृशम्

English

[Yudhishthira said:] "This world, with its seas, sky, mountains, clouds, earth, fire and wind: by whom was it made?

हिन्दी अर्थ

जीवन में भी आयुकी ही प्रधानता है

English

How were beings created, how the divisions of class, how purity and impurity, how dharma and adharma?

हिन्दी अर्थ

मृतस्यास्य परित्यागात् तापो वै भविता ध्रुवम्

English

What is the soul of the living like, and where do the dead go? Tell us all of this, from this world to the other."

हिन्दी अर्थ

जीवितो धर्ममासाद्य रामात् सत्यपराक्रमात्

English

[Bhishma said:] "Here too they cite this ancient tale, the excellent discourse spoken by Bhrigu to Bharadvaja, who asked.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्वेतेन धर्मनिछ्ठेन मृत: संजीवित: पुन:

English

On the peak of Kailasa, seeing the great sage Bhrigu sitting, as if blazing with energy, Bharadvaja asked him:

हिन्दी अर्थ

कृपणानामनुक्रोशं कुर्याद् वो रूवतामिह

English

"This world, with its seas, sky, mountains, clouds, earth, fire and wind: by whom was it made?

हिन्दी अर्थ

तेषां रुदितशब्देन गृथ्रो5भ्येत्य वचो5ब्रवीत्

English

How were beings created, how the divisions of class, how purity and impurity, how dharma and adharma?

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मराजप्रयोगाच्च दीर्घनिद्रां प्रवेशित:

English

What is the soul of the living like, and where do the dead go? Tell us all of the other world too, blessed one."

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृहीत्वा जायते जन्तुर्दु:खानि च सुखानि च

English

may leave a remnant, l The wrath of the king, however, leaves not anything to the person that incurs it. Whatever belongs to the king should be avoided from distance. 2 One should turn away from what belongs to the king as he would from death itself. A person by appropriating what belongs to the king speedily meets with destruction like a deer upon touching poison. The man of intelligence should protect as his own what belongs to the kin.. They that appropriate wealth belonging to the king sink senseless into a deep hell of eternal gloom and infamy. Who is there that will not worship the king who is adored by such terms as delighter of the people, giver of happiness, possessor of prosperity, the foremost of all, healer of injuries, lord of earth, and protector of men? That man, therefore, who desires his own prosperity, who observes all wholesome restraints, who has his soul under control, who is the master of his passions, who is possessed of intelligence and memory, and who is clever (in the transaction of business), should always be attached to the king. The king should duly honour the minister who is grateful, endued with wisdom, large-hearted, loyal, possessed of mastery over his senses, virtuous, and observant of the dictates of policy. The king should entertain the man who is loyal, grateful, virtuous, possessed of self-control, brave, magnanimous in his acts, and competent to accomplish tasks without the assistance of others. Knowledge makes men proud. The king makes men humble. The man who is afflicted by the king can never obtain happiness. On the other hand, the man who is favoured by the king becomes happy. The king is the heart of his people; he is their great refuge; he is their glory; and he is their highest happiness. Those men, O monarch, who are attached to the king, succeed in conquering both this and the other world. Having governed the earth with the aid of the qualities of self-restraint, truth, and friendship, and having adored the gods by great sacrifices, the king, earning great glory, obtains an eternal abode in heaven.' That best of monarchs, viz., the heroic Vasumanas, ruler of Kosala, thus instructed by Vrihaspati the son of Angiras, began thenceforth to protect his subjects."

हिन्दी अर्थ

मार्गेणान्येन गच्छन्ति बद्धा: सुकृतदुष्कृतैः

English

Known as the Mental, heard of before by great sages, the god without beginning or end, unsplittable, unageing and immortal,

हिन्दी अर्थ

वर्तध्वं च यथाकालं हैवतेषु द्विजेषु च

English

called the Unmanifest, eternal, imperishable, undecaying, from whom beings are created, born and die.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्यज्यतामयमाकाशे तत:ः शीघ्र निवर्तत

English

That god first created the one called the Great, known as Space, the lord who bears all beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसमें भाई-बन्धुओंका क्या है?

English

From space came water; from water, fire and wind; from the union of fire and wind then came the earth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्नेहमुत्सूज्य गच्छन्ति बाष्पपूर्णाविलेक्षणा:

English

Then the self-born made a divine lotus full of splendour; from that lotus was born Brahma, the Veda-formed treasure.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्व: कालवशं याति शुभाशुभसमन्वित:

English

Called Ego, the maker of the self of all beings, Brahma of great splendour is he who is these five elements.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कालके अधीन हो जाते हैं

English

The mountains are called his bones; the earth is his fat and flesh; the oceans are his blood; space is his belly.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वस्य हि प्रभु: कालो धर्मत: समदर्शन:

English

Wind is his breath, fire his heat, the rivers his veins; fire and Soma, the moon and sun, are known as his eyes.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वानाविशते मृत्युरेवंभूतमिदं जगत्

English

The sky above is his head, the earth his feet, the directions his arms; he is hard to know from his endlessness, even for the perfected, without doubt.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दिया? तुम तो पुत्रस्नेहले अभिभूत होकर उसके लिये बड़ा शोक कर रहे थे

English

He himself is the blessed Vishnu, known as Endless, dwelling as the self of all beings, hard for the unrefined to know.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यद् गच्छति जनश्चायं स्नेहमुत्सूज्य दुस्त्यजम्

English

He is the creator of ego for the origin of all beings, from whom the universe arose, as you have asked me here."

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्नेहं हि कारणं कृत्वा ममाप्यश्रूण्यथापतन्

English

[Bharadvaja said:] "What are the measures here of the sky, the directions, the earth and the wind? Cut my doubt according to the truth."

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रयत्नात् प्राप्यते हार्थ: कस्माद् गच्छथ निर्दयम्

English

[Bhrigu said:] "This space is endless, frequented by perfected beings and charanas, lovely, crowded with many abodes, whose end cannot be reached.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बालककी रक्षाका प्रयत्न छोड़कर निर्दयतापूर्वक कहाँ चले जा रहे हो?

English

Above the path of motion and below it, the moon and sun are not seen; there the gods shine of themselves, radiant, with the lustre of fire.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितृणां वंशकर्तरं वने त्यक्त्वा क्व यास्यथ

English

Even they, famed for power, do not see the end of the sky, because of its being hard to reach and endless; know this, giver of honour.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पितरोंके वंशकी वृद्धि करनेवाला है, इसे वनमें छोड़कर तुम कहाँ जाओगे?

English

Layer upon layer, this space is closed in by self-luminous blazing ones, immeasurable even by the gods.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततो नेष्यथ वा पुत्रमिहस्था वा भविष्यथ

English

At the end of the earth are the oceans; at the end of the oceans, darkness is said to be; at the end of darkness they say is water; at the end of water, fire.

हिन्दी अर्थ

न च पश्यामि जीवन्तं मृतं स्त्रीपुंनपुंसकम्

English

At the end of the nether world is water; at the end of water the lord of serpents; at his end again space; at the end of space again water.

हिन्दी अर्थ

चड्क्रमन्तो प्रियन्ते च यौवनस्थास्तथा परे

English

Thus the measure of the blessed one and of water has an end, hard to know even for the gods, by fire, wind and water.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दहामाना: सम शोकेन गृहं गच्छन्ति नित्यश:

English

The colours of fire, wind, water and the surface of the earth are like space; they are distinguished by the vision of truth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

कस्मादेनं समुत्सूज्य न गृहान् गच्छताशु वै

English

Sages also recite in various scriptures how the measure is laid down in the three worlds and the ocean; who could state the measure of the unseen and unreachable?

हिन्दी अर्थ

मयोक्ता गच्छत क्षिप्रं स्वं स्‍्वमेव निवेशनम्

English

When the course of the perfected and the gods is limited, then the name 'Endless' is figurative; the great-souled Mental has a name fitting his nature.

हिन्दी अर्थ

शोको द्विगुणतां याति दृष्ट्वा स्मृत्वा च चेष्टितम्

English

When that divine form shrinks and grows again, who else is able to know it, or who like him?

हिन्दी अर्थ

अपश्यत् तं तदा सुप्तं द्रुतमागत्य जम्बुक:

English

Then from the lotus was created the omniscient, embodied lord Brahma, made of dharma, the first and unsurpassed Prajapati."

हिन्दी अर्थ

आकर उस सोते हुए बालकको देखा

English

[Bharadvaja said:] "If he was born of the lotus, the lotus is elder; yet you call Brahma the first-born; I have doubt."

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृध्रवाक्यात् कथं पुत्र त्यजध्वं पितृपिण्डदम्

English

[Bhrigu said:] "The form of the Mental which attained Brahma-hood: for his seat the earth is called a lotus.

हिन्दी अर्थ

करनेवाले अपने इस पुत्रको तुम गीधकी बातोंमें आकर कैसे छोड़ रहे हो?

English

The pericarp of that lotus is Meru, rising to the sky; standing in its midst, the lord creates the worlds."

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वे मृत्युवशं यान्ति तदिदं प्रेतपत्तनम्

English

seeking to right themselves by force, because they can invoke the king to punish the offenders. If there were no kings, immediate vengeance for even the slightest injuries would be the universal practice.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यो न पश्यति चक्षुर्भ्या नेड़ते च कथठ्चन

English

[Bhrigu said:] "The Mental created by mind the manifold creation of beings; first he made water, for kindling beings.

हिन्दी अर्थ

दहामाना: सुतस्नेहात् प्रययुर्बान्धवा गृहम्

English

That by which the life of all beings grows and by which subjects thrive, and which, abandoned, they perish: by it all this is covered.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुलाकर उसके स्नेहसे दग्ध होते हुए अपने घरकी ओर लौटे

English

The earth, the mountains, the clouds and whatever else has form, all that is to be known as of Varuna; the waters held them up again."

हिन्दी अर्थ

इष्टबन्धुवियोगश्व तथेहाल्पं च जीवितम्

English

[Bharadvaja said:] "How did water arise, and fire and wind, and how was the earth created? Here I have great doubt."

हिन्दी अर्थ

इमं प्रेक्ष्य पुनर्भावं दु:ः:खशोकविवर्धनम्

English

[Bhrigu said:] "In the Brahma-kalpa of old, brahmana, at a gathering of the Brahmarshis, doubt about the origin of the world arose among the great souls.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अहो धिग् गृध्रवाक्येन यथैवाबुद्धयस्तथा

English

They stood in meditation, taking up silence, motionless, giving up food and living on air, for a divine hundred years, twice-born.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रेमशून्य होकर कैसे घरको लौटे जा रहे हो?

English

Then to all of them a voice full of dharma came to the ear; divine Sarasvati arose there from the sky.

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रदीप्ता: पुत्रशोकेन संनिवर्तत मानुषा:

English

"Formerly the sky, still and soundless, like a mountain unmoving, without moon, sun or wind, shone as if asleep.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अप्रत्ययं कुतो हास्य पुनरद्येह जीवितम्

English

appearing aids in extending it.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नैव मूर्तिप्रदानेन जम्बुकस्य शतैरपि

English

As a vessel without a hole seems silent, and when filled with water the wind makes it sound,

हिन्दी अर्थ

अथ रुद्र: कुमारो वा ब्रह्मा वा विष्णुरेवच

English

so, when the sky was blocked with water at its end, without gaps, the wind, splitting the bottom of the ocean, rose up with a roar.

हिन्दी अर्थ

नैव बाष्पविमोक्षेण न वा श्वासकृते न च

English

This wind moves, born of the ocean's pressure, and reaching the place of space, does not find rest.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अहं च क्रोष्टकश्चैव यूयं ये चास्य बान्धवा:

English

In the clash of wind and water, a blazing, mighty fire appears with its flame upward, making the sky free of darkness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अप्रियं परुषं चापि परद्रोहं परस्त्रियम्

English

Fire joined with wind rises from the sky as water; by the union of fire and wind it attains solidity.

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्म सत्यं श्रुतं न्याय्यं महतीं प्राणिनां दयाम्

English

Whatever oil of it fell in space and stayed became aggregated and turned into earth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मातरं पितरं वापि बान्धवान् सुहृदस्तथा

English

Earth is to be known here as the womb of tastes, all scents, oils and living beings, from which everything is born."

हिन्दी अर्थ

तुमलोग पुत्रशोकसे जलते हुए भी क्यों लौटे जा रहे हो?

English

"Yudhishthira said, 'What other special duties remain for the king to discharge? How should he protect his kingdom and how subdue his foes? How should he employ his spies? How should he inspire confidence in the four orders of his subjects, his own servants, wives, and sons, O Bharata?'

हिन्दी अर्थ

छोड़कर तुमलोग इसके प्रेतकार्यमें लग जाओ

English

[Bharadvaja said:] "Of the thousands of beings the wise one created, how is it that only five come to be elements?"

हिन्दी अर्थ

मृतस्य तं परिजनमूचतुस्तौ क्षुधान्विती

English

[Bhrigu said:] "Beings of immeasurable number come to origin; therefore the great word 'elements' applies to them.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एषा बुद्धि: समस्तानां चातुर्वण्ये निदर्शिता

English

Movement is wind, hollow is space, heat is fire, fluid is water, and earth is the compound; the body is made of the five elements.

हिन्दी अर्थ

उपकारापकाराभ्यां समर्थस्योद्यतस्य च

English

So the moving and unmoving are joined with these five elements; hearing, smell, taste, touch and sight are called the senses."

हिन्दी अर्थ

वाम्भिरप्रतिरूपाभिरभिद्रुह्य पितामह

English

[Bharadvaja said:] "If moving and unmoving are joined with five elements, the five constituents are not seen in the bodies of the unmoving.

हिन्दी अर्थ

आगच्छतोतिक्रुद्धस्य तस्योद्धरणकाम्यया

English

In trees, which are without warmth, without movement and dense, truly, the five constituents are not found in the body.

हिन्दी अर्थ

संवादं भरतश्रेष्ठ शाल्मले: पवनस्य च

English

They do not hear, do not see, do not know scent or taste, and do not know touch; how are they made of five elements?

हिन्दी अर्थ

संवादरूप एक प्राचीन इतिहासका उदाहरण दिया करते हैं

English

Because of lack of fluidity, lack of fire, lack of earth, lack of wind, and the immeasurability of space, there is no element in trees."

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुखस्यानन्तरं दुःखं दुःखस्यानन्तरं सुखम्

English

"Bhishma said, 'Listen, O monarch, with attention to the diverse duties

हिन्दी अर्थ

रूपयौवनसम्पन्नं द्योतमानमिव श्रिया

English

of kings,— to those acts which the king or one that is in the position of a king should first do. The king should first subdue himself and then seek to subdue his foes. How should a king who has not been able to conquer his own self be able to conquer his foes? The conquest of these, viz., the aggregate of five, is regarded as the conquest of self. The king that has succeeded in subduing his senses is competent to resist his foes. He should place bodies of foot- soldiers in his forts, frontiers, towns, parks, and pleasure gardens, O delighter of the Kurus, as also in all places where he himself goes, and within his own palace, O tiger among men! He should employ as spies men looking like idiots or like those that are blind and deaf. Those should all be persons who have been thoroughly examined (in respect of their ability), who are possessed of wisdom, and who are able to endure hunger and thirst. With proper attention, the king should set his spies upon all his counsellors and friends and sons, in his city and the provinces, and in dominions of the chiefs under him. His spies should be so employed that they may not know one another. He should also, O bull of Bharata's race, know the spies of his foes by himself setting spies in shops and places of amusement, and concourses of people, among beggars, in his pleasure gardens and parks, in meetings and conclaves of the learned, in the country, in public places, in places where he holds his own court, and in the houses of the citizens. The king possessed of intelligence may thus ascertain the spies despatched by his foes. If these be known, the king may derive much benefit, O son of Pandu! When the king, by a survey of his own, finds himself weak, he should then, consulting with his counsellors make peace with a foe that is stronger. The king that is wise should speedily make peace with a foe, even when he knows that he is not weak, if any advantage is to be derived from it. Engaged in protecting his kingdom with righteousness, the king should make peace with those that are possessed of every accomplishment, capable of great exertion, virtuous, and honest. When the king finds himself threatened with danger and about to be overtaken by ruin, he should slay all offenders whom he had overlooked before and all such persons as are pointed at by the people. A king should have nothing to do with that person who can neither benefit nor injure him, or with one who cannot rescue himself from distress. As regards military operations a king who is confident of his own strength, should, at the head of a large force, cheerfully and with courage give the order to march, without proclaiming his destination against one destitute of allies and friends or already at war with another and (therefore) heedless (of danger from other quarters), or one weaker than himself, having first made arrangements for the protection of his own capital. I A king should not for ever live in subjection to another possessed of

हिन्दी अर्थ

विनाशो नास्य न हि वै सुखं प्राप्स्यथ मानुषा:

English

[Bhrigu said:] "Fruit and flower fall away from wind, fire and the thunderbolt's blow; sound is grasped by hearing, and so trees hear.

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसका नाश नहीं होगा, तुम्हें अवश्य ही सुख मिलेगा

English

A creeper winds round a tree and goes everywhere; there is no path for the unseeing; so trees see.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्यक्त्वा गमिष्यथ क्वाद्य समुत्सृज्याल्पबुद्धिवत्

English

By holy and unholy scents and by various incenses, trees become healthy and flower; so trees smell.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्मशानवासिना नित्यं रात्रि मृगयता नूप

English

They drink water with their feet, and are seen to have disease and cure for disease; so a tree has taste.

हिन्दी अर्थ

जम्बुकेन स्वकार्यार्थ बान्धवास्तस्य घिषछिता:

English

As one draws water upward through the stalk of a lotus with the mouth, so trees, joined with wind, drink with their feet.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अस्मिन् शवं परित्यज्य प्रेतकार्याण्युपासत

English

From the experience of pleasure and pain, and growth when cut, I see life in trees; they are not without consciousness.

हिन्दी अर्थ

यहीं छोड़कर तुमलोग प्रेतकर्म करो

English

The water taken in by them is digested by fire and wind; and from the transformation of food comes oil and growth.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तावदेनं परित्यज्य प्रेतकार्याण्युपासत

English

In the bodies of all moving beings the five constituents are distinguished one by one, by which the body acts.

हिन्दी अर्थ

मृगेन्द्रा: प्रतिनन्दन्ति रविरस्तं च गच्छति

English

Skin, flesh, bones, marrow and sinew as the fifth: this is counted here as the earthy part of the body.

हिन्दी अर्थ

रहे हैं, सिंह दहाड़ रहे हैं और सूर्य अस्ताचलको जा रहे हैं

English

Energy, fire, anger, the eye and heat; and fire digests also; embodied beings are made of five fiery parts.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्मशाने च निराहारा:ः प्रतिनर्दन्ति देहिन:

English

Hearing, smell, the mouth, the heart and the belly: these five constituents in the body of living beings are from space.

हिन्दी अर्थ

युष्मान् प्रधर्षयिष्यन्ति विकृता मांसभोजिन:

English

Phlegm, bile, sweat, fat and blood: so water in the body of living beings is always fivefold.

हिन्दी अर्थ

त्यज्यतां काष्ठभूतोयं मृष्यतां जाम्बुकं वच:

English

The living being breathes by prana, extends by vyana, apana goes downward, and samana abides in the heart.

हिन्दी अर्थ

श्रोष्यथ भ्रष्टविज्ञानास्तत: सर्वे विनड्क्ष्यथ

English

By udana he breathes upward and speaks by its divisions; these five winds move the embodied one here.

हिन्दी अर्थ

सबके सब नष्ट हो जाओगे

English

The embodied one knows the quality of smell from earth, taste from water, sees light with the eyes, and knows touch by wind.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तावदस्मिन् सुते स्नेहादनिर्वेदिन वर्तत

English

Of that smell I shall tell the qualities in detail: pleasant and unpleasant smell, sweet and sharp,

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्थीयतां यावदादित्य: कि च क्रव्यादभाषितै:

English

spreading, compact, oily, rough and clear: so the extent of earthy smell is to be known as ninefold.

हिन्दी अर्थ

गृह्नीत मोहितात्मान: सुतो वो न भविष्यति

English

Sound, touch, form and taste are held to be the qualities of water; I shall tell the knowledge of taste; hear it as I tell.

हिन्दी अर्थ

वाक्यैरमृतकल्पैस्तै: प्रतिष्ठन्ति व्रजन्ति च

English

Taste is said by the wise of renowned minds to be of many kinds: sweet, salt, bitter, astringent, sour and pungent; this sixfold taste is held to be made of water.

हिन्दी अर्थ

स्वकार्यकुशला भ्यां ते सम्भ्राम्यन्ते ह नैपुणात्

English

Sound, touch and form: light is said to have three qualities; light sees forms, and form is held to be of many kinds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

बान्धवानां स्थितानां चाप्युपातिष्ठत शड्कर:

English

Short, long, thick, square, round, white, black, red, blue, yellow and ruddy: so light's form is held to have twelve varieties.

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकपुत्रविहीनानां सर्वेषां जीवितार्थिनाम्

English

Sound and touch are to be known; wind is said to have two qualities; the quality of wind is touch, and touch is held to be of many kinds.

हिन्दी अर्थ

तथा गोमायुगृध्रा भ्यां प्राददत् क्षुदविनाशनम्

English

Hard, smooth, slick, sticky, soft, harsh, hot, cold, pleasant, painful, oily and clear: so the quality of wind is declared to have twelve varieties.

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनिर्वेदेन दीर्घेण निश्चयेन ध्रुवेण च

English

Space has one quality, which is held to be sound; I shall tell of that sound in its manifold variety.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पश्य हैवस्य संयोगं बान्धवानां च निश्चयम्

English

Shadja, rishabha, gandhara, madhyama and panchama, and dhaivata, and likewise nishada.

हिन्दी अर्थ

पश्य चाल्पेन कालेन निश्चयान्वेषणेन च

English

This is called the sevenfold quality marked by space; it stays everywhere in threefold voice, even in drums and the like.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ते विस्मिता: प्रह्ृष्टाश् पुत्रसंजीवनात् पुन:

English

They say sound is born of space; with these qualities of wind it perceives; it does not know when they come in disorder.

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततस्ते त्वरिता राजंस्त्यक्त्वा शोकं शिशूद्धवम्

English

And these constituents are ever nourished by those constituents; water, fire and wind are ever awake in embodied beings."