Mahabharata
12
अध्याय 12 / 18

Shanti Parva

शान्तिपर्व

12866 श्लोकभाग 30/172 · श्लोक 69.1–70.32

पूर्ण अध्याय पाठ103 श्लोक

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.1

पार्थिवेन विशेषेण किं कार्यम अवशिष्यते कथं रक्ष्यॊ जनपदः कथं रक्ष्याश च शत्रवः

pārthivena viśeṣeṇa kiṃ kāryama avaśiṣyate kathaṃ rakṣyò janapadaḥ kathaṃ rakṣyāśa ca śatravaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

और गुणके लिये तीनों लोकोंमें विख्यात थी। उसीने वेनको जन्म दिया था

English

Vrihaspati at their head came to sacrifice, called Viswasrij, performed by that high-souled monarch, l Challenging Sakra, the chief of the gods, that king vanquished him in battle. The learned Vrihaspati, from desire of doing good unto Indra, had refused to officiate at Marutta's sacrifice. Thereupon Samvarta, the younger brother

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.2

कथं चारं परयुञ्जीत वर्णान विश्वासयेत कथम कथं भृत्यान कथं दारान कथं पुत्रांश च भारत

kathaṃ cāraṃ parayuñjīta varṇāna viśvāsayeta kathama kathaṃ bhṛtyāna kathaṃ dārāna kathaṃ putrāṃśa ca bhārata

हिन्दी अर्थ

उन्हें वेदों और वेदान्तोंका पूर्ण ज्ञान था। वे धरनुर्वेदके भी पारड्गत विद्वान थे

English

"How should he employ spies, how win the confidence of the classes, how treat servants, wives and sons, Bharata?

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.3

राजवृत्तं महाराज शृणुष्वावहितॊ ऽखिलम यत कार्यं पार्थिवेनादौ पार्थिव परकृतेन वा

rājavṛttaṃ mahārāja śṛṇuṣvāvahitò 'khilama yata kāryaṃ pārthivenādau pārthiva parakṛtena vā

हिन्दी अर्थ

सँभाला। महर्षि भगवान् गर्ग उनके दरबारके ज्योतिषी हुए

English

Hear attentively the whole conduct of kings, great king; what is to be done first by a king, or by a lord of the earth."

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.4

आत्मा जेयः सदा राज्ञा ततॊ जेयाश च शत्रवः अजितात्मा नरपतिर विजयेत कथं रिपून

ātmā jeyaḥ sadā rājñā tatò jeyāśa ca śatravaḥ ajitātmā narapatira vijayeta kathaṃ ripūna

हिन्दी अर्थ

भयमुत्पद्यते तत्र तस्य राज्ञोडभिरक्षणात्

English

"The self is always to be conquered by the king; then enemies are to be conquered. How could a king who has not conquered himself conquer foes?

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.5

एतावान आत्मविजयः पञ्चवर्ग विनिग्रहः जितेन्द्रियॊ नरपतिर बाधितुं शक्नुयाद अरीन

etāvāna ātmavijayaḥ pañcavarga vinigrahaḥ jitendriyò narapatira bādhituṃ śaknuyāda arīna

हिन्दी अर्थ

तिष्ठत्येकस्य च वशे त॑ं चेद॑ न विधीयते

English

This is self-conquest: restraint of the five groups; a king with senses subdued can oppress enemies.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.6

नयसेत गुल्मान दुर्गेषु संधौ च कुरुनन्दन नगरॊपवने चैव पुरॊद्यानेषु चैव ह

nayaseta gulmāna durgeṣu saṃdhau ca kurunandana nagaròpavane caiva puròdyāneṣu caiva ha

हिन्दी अर्थ

बता दिया। अब इस विषयमें तुम्हारे लिये और क्या जानना शेष रह गया है?

English

He should post garrisons in forts and at borders, delight of the Kurus, in the town's gardens and in the city's parks,

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.7

संस्थानेषु च सर्वेषु पुरेषु नगरस्य च मध्ये च नरशार्दूल तथा राजनिवेशने

saṃsthāneṣu ca sarveṣu pureṣu nagarasya ca madhye ca naraśārdūla tathā rājaniveśane

हिन्दी अर्थ

अकुर्वाणं विकर्माणि शान्तं प्रज्ञानतर्पितम्

English

in all stations and cities, in the middle of the city, tiger among men, and in the royal residence.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.8

परणिधींश च ततः कुर्याज जडान्धबधिराकृतीन पुंसः परीक्षितान पराज्ञान कषुत्पिपासातप कषमान

paraṇidhīṃśa ca tataḥ kuryāja jaḍāndhabadhirākṛtīna puṃsaḥ parīkṣitāna parājñāna kaṣutpipāsātapa kaṣamāna

हिन्दी अर्थ

नित्योद्युक्तो दस्युवधे रणे कुर्यात् पराक्रमम्

English

Then he should post agents in the guise of the dull, blind and deaf, tested men, wise, able to bear hunger, thirst and heat.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.9

अमात्येषु च सर्वेषु मित्रेषु तरिविधेषु च पुत्रेषु च महाराज परणिदध्यात समाहितः

amātyeṣu ca sarveṣu mitreṣu tarividheṣu ca putreṣu ca mahārāja paraṇidadhyāta samāhitaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

क्षत्रियो नास्य तत् कर्म प्रशंसन्ति पुराविद:

English

Among all ministers, in the three kinds of friends, and among sons, great king, he should station them attentively.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.10

पुरे जनपदे चैव तथा सामन्तराजसु यथा न विद्युर अन्यॊन्यं परणिधेयास तथा हि ते

pure janapade caiva tathā sāmantarājasu yathā na vidyura anyònyaṃ paraṇidheyāsa tathā hi te

हिन्दी अर्थ

मन्त्रपूतै: कुशैर्जष्नुरषयो ब्रह्मवादिन:

English

of Vrihaspati, acceded to the king's request. During the rule of that king, O best of monarchs, the earth yielded crops without being tilled and was adorned with diverse kinds of ornaments. In the sacrifice of that king, the Viswedevas sat as courtiers, the Maruts acted as distributors (of food and presents) and the high-souled Sadhyas were also present. In that sacrifice of Marutta, the Maruts drank Soma. The sacrificial presents the king made surpassed (in value) those ever made by the gods, the Gandharvas, and men. When even that king, O Srinjaya, who transcended thee in religious merit, knowledge, renunciation, and affluence, and who was purer than thy son, felt a prey to death, do not grieve for thy son. There was another king of the name of Suhotra the son of Atithi. We hear, O Srinjaya, that even he fell a prey to death. During his rule, Maghavat showered gold for one whole year upon his kingdom. Obtaining that king for her lord, the earth became in reality (and not in name only as before) Vasumati. I The rivers, during the sway of that king, bore golden tortoises, crabs, alligators, sharks, and porpoises, for the adorable Indra, O king, had showered these upon them. Beholding those golden fishes and sharks and tortoises in hundreds and thousands, Atithi's son became filled with wonder. Collecting that vast wealth of gold that covered the earth, Suhotra performed a sacrifice at Kurujangala and gave it away unto the Brahmanas, When that king, O Srinjaya, who transcended thee in the four attributes of religious merit, knowledge, renunciation, and affluence, and who was purer than thy son, felt a prey to death, do not grieve for thy son (that is dead). Thy son never performed a sacrifice and never made gifts. Knowing this, pacify thy mind and do not give away to grief. 2 We hear also, O Srinjaya, that Vrihadratha the king of the Angas, fell a prey to death. He gave away I hundred thousand steeds. A hundred thousand maidens also, adorned with golden ornaments, he gave away as presents in a sacrifice he performed. A hundred thousand elephants also of the best breed, he gave away as presents in another sacrifice performed by him. A hundred millions also of bulls, adorned with golden chains, with thousands of kine accompanying them, he gave away as sacrificial presents. While the king of Anga performed his sacrifice by the hill called Vishnupada, Indra became intoxicated with the Soma he drank, and the Brahmanas with the presents they received. In the sacrifices, O monarch, numbering by hundreds, that this king performed of old, the presents he made far surpassed those ever made by the gods, the Gandharvas, and men. No other man was born, or will ever be born, that gave or will give away so much wealth as was given away by the king of the Angas in the seven sacrifices he performed, each of which was characterised by the consecration of the Soma. 3 When, O Srinjaya, this Vrihadratha even, who was thy superior in the four attributes and who was

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.11

चारांश च विद्यात परहितान परेण भरतर्षभ आपणेषु विहारेषु समवायेषु भिक्षुषु

cārāṃśa ca vidyāta parahitāna pareṇa bharatarṣabha āpaṇeṣu vihāreṣu samavāyeṣu bhikṣuṣu

हिन्दी अर्थ

मन्त्रपूत कुशोंद्वारा उसे मार डाला

English

purer than thy son, fell a prey to death, do not grieve for thy son that is dead. We hear also, O Srinjaya, that Sivi, the son of Usinara, fell a prey to death. That king swayed the whole earth as one sways the leathern shield in his hand. Riding on a single car that proved victorious in every battle, king Sivi caused

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.12

आरामेषु तथॊद्याने पण्डितानां समागमे वेशेषु चत्वरे चैव सभास्व आवसथेषु च

ārāmeṣu tathòdyāne paṇḍitānāṃ samāgame veśeṣu catvare caiva sabhāsva āvasatheṣu ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततोअस्य विकृतो जज्ञे हस्वाड़ः पुरुषो भुवि

English

In gardens and parks, at meetings of the learned, in brothels, at crossings, in assemblies and rest-houses.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.13

एवं विहन्याच चारेण परचारं विचक्षणः चारेण विहतं सर्वं हतं भवति पाण्डव

evaṃ vihanyāca cāreṇa paracāraṃ vicakṣaṇaḥ cāreṇa vihataṃ sarvaṃ hataṃ bhavati pāṇḍava

हिन्दी अर्थ

निषीदेत्येवमूचुस्तमृषयो ब्रह्मवादिन:

English

Thus the wise man should defeat the enemy's agents by agents; all that is struck by spies is struck, Pandava.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.14

यदा तु हीनं नृपतिर विद्याद आत्मानम आत्मना अमात्यैः सह संमन्त्र्य कुर्यात संधिं बलीयसा

yadā tu hīnaṃ nṛpatira vidyāda ātmānama ātmanā amātyaiḥ saha saṃmantrya kuryāta saṃdhiṃ balīyasā

हिन्दी अर्थ

वेदवादी महर्षियोंने उसे देखकर कहा--“निषीद” बैठ जाओ

English

When a king knows himself to be weaker, he should consult with ministers and make peace with the stronger.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.15

अज्ञायमानॊ हीनत्वे कुर्यात संधिं परेण वै लिप्सुर वा कं चिद एवार्थं तवरमाणॊ विचक्षणः

ajñāyamānò hīnatve kuryāta saṃdhiṃ pareṇa vai lipsura vā kaṃ cida evārthaṃ tavaramāṇò vicakṣaṇaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

ये चान्ये विन्थ्यनिलया म्लेच्छा: शतसहस्रश:

English

Not known to be weak, he should make peace with the enemy, or wishing some aim, the wise one should act swiftly.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.16

गुणवन्तॊ महॊत्साहा धर्मज्ञाः साधवश च ये संदधीत नृपस तैश च राष्ट्रं धर्मेण पालयन

guṇavantò mahòtsāhā dharmajñāḥ sādhavaśa ca ye saṃdadhīta nṛpasa taiśa ca rāṣṭraṃ dharmeṇa pālayana

हिन्दी अर्थ

विन्ध्यगिरिके निवासी लाखों म्लेच्छ थे, उनका भी प्रादुर्भाव हुआ

English

The king should make peace with those who are virtuous, of great energy, knowers of dharma and good, while protecting the kingdom by dharma.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.17

उच्छिद्यमानम आत्मानं जञात्वा राजा महामतिः पूर्वापकारिणॊ हन्याल लॊकद्विष्टांश च सर्वशः

ucchidyamānama ātmānaṃ jañātvā rājā mahāmatiḥ pūrvāpakāriṇò hanyāla lòkadviṣṭāṃśa ca sarvaśaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः पुरुष उत्पन्नो रूपेणेन्द्र इवापर:

English

Knowing himself to be uprooted, the wise king should slay former wrongdoers and all who are hated by the world.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.18

यॊ नॊपकर्तुं शक्नॊति नापकर्तुं महीपतिः अशक्यरूपश चॊद्धर्तुम उपेक्ष्यस तादृशॊ भवेत

yò nòpakartuṃ śaknòti nāpakartuṃ mahīpatiḥ aśakyarūpaśa còddhartuma upekṣyasa tādṛśò bhaveta

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरुषका प्राकट्य हुआ, जो रूपमें देवराज इन्द्रके समान थे

English

A king who can neither benefit nor harm, and is unable to raise himself, would be ignored.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.19

यात्रां यायाद अविज्ञातम अनाक्रन्दम अनन्तरम वयासक्तं च परमत्तं च दुर बलं च विचक्षणः

yātrāṃ yāyāda avijñātama anākrandama anantarama vayāsaktaṃ ca paramattaṃ ca dura balaṃ ca vicakṣaṇaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

वेदवेदाड़विच्चैव धनुर्वेदे च पारग:

English

The wise should march unannounced, without outcry, against the next, the engaged, the careless and the weak.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.20

यात्राम आज्ञापयेद वीरः कल्य पुष्टबली सुखी पूर्वं कृत्वा विधानं च यात्रायां नगरे तथा

yātrāma ājñāpayeda vīraḥ kalya puṣṭabalī sukhī pūrvaṃ kṛtvā vidhānaṃ ca yātrāyāṃ nagare tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततस्तु प्राञ्जलिवीैंन्यो महर्षीस्तानुवाच ह

English

The hero should order the march when strong, well-fed, powerful and at ease, having first made arrangements for the march and in the city.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.21

न च वश्यॊ भवेद अस्य नृपॊ यद्य अपि वीर्यवान हीनश च बलवीर्याभ्यां कर्शयंस तं परावसेत

na ca vaśyò bhaveda asya nṛpò yadya api vīryavāna hīnaśa ca balavīryābhyāṃ karśayaṃsa taṃ parāvaseta

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनया किं मया कार्य तन्मे तत्त्वेन शंसत

English

Even if that king is valiant, he should not be subject to him; but if he is deficient in strength and valour, he should dwell near and weaken him.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.22

राष्ट्रं च पीडयेत तस्य शस्त्राग्निविषमूर्छनैः अमात्यवल्लभानां च विवादांस तस्य कारयेत वर्जनीयं सदा युद्धं राज्यकामेन धीमता

rāṣṭraṃ ca pīḍayeta tasya śastrāgniviṣamūrchanaiḥ amātyavallabhānāṃ ca vivādāṃsa tasya kārayeta varjanīyaṃ sadā yuddhaṃ rājyakāmena dhīmatā

हिन्दी अर्थ

पूरा करूँगा। इसमें कोई अन्यथा विचार नहीं करना चाहिए”

English

He should oppress his kingdom by weapons, fire, poison and stupefaction, and cause disputes among the ministers and favourites; war should always be avoided by a wise man wishing kingdom.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.23

उपायैस तरिभिर आदानम अर्थस्याह बृहस्पतिः सान्त्वेनानुप्रदानेन भेदेन च नराधिप यम अर्थं शक्नुयात पराप्तुं तेन तुष्येद धि पण्डितः

upāyaisa taribhira ādānama arthasyāha bṛhaspatiḥ sāntvenānupradānena bhedena ca narādhipa yama arthaṃ śaknuyāta parāptuṃ tena tuṣyeda dhi paṇḍitaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

नियतो यत्र धर्मो वै तमशड्क: समाचर

English

Brihaspati says gain of wealth is by three means: conciliation, gifts and division, O lord of men; by whichever he can obtain the aim, the wise man should be content.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.24

आददीत बलिं चैव परजाभ्यः कुरुनन्दन षड भागम अमितप्रज्ञस तासाम एवाभिगुप्तये

ādadīta baliṃ caiva parajābhyaḥ kurunandana ṣaḍa bhāgama amitaprajñasa tāsāma evābhiguptaye

हिन्दी अर्थ

नियमपूर्वक धर्मकी सिद्धि होती हो, उसे निर्भय होकर करो

English

He should take a tax from the subjects, delight of the Kurus, one sixth, being of immeasurable wisdom, for their very protection.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.25

दश धर्मगतेभ्यॊ यद वसु बह्व अल्पम एव च तन नाददीत सहसा पौराणां रक्षणाय वै

daśa dharmagatebhyò yada vasu bahva alpama eva ca tana nādadīta sahasā paurāṇāṃ rakṣaṇāya vai

हिन्दी अर्थ

समस्त प्राणियोंके प्रति समभाव रखो

English

From those who have gone ten dharma-ways, whether much or little wealth, he should not take suddenly, for the protection of the townsfolk.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.26

यथा पुत्रास तथा पौरा दरष्टव्यास ते न संशयः भक्तिश चैषां परकर्तव्या वयवहारे परदर्शिते

yathā putrāsa tathā paurā daraṣṭavyāsa te na saṃśayaḥ bhaktiśa caiṣāṃ parakartavyā vayavahāre paradarśite

हिन्दी अर्थ

पालयिष्याम्यहं भौम॑ ब्रह्म इत्येव चासकृत्

English

The townsfolk are to be regarded as sons, without doubt; devotion to them should be shown in showing the dealings.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.27

सुतं च सथापयेद राजा राज्ञं सर्वार्थदर्शिनम वयवहारेषु सततं तत्र राज्यं वयवस्थितम

sutaṃ ca sathāpayeda rājā rājñaṃ sarvārthadarśinama vayavahāreṣu satataṃ tatra rājyaṃ vayavasthitama

हिन्दी अर्थ

पुरोधाश्चाभवत् तस्य शुक्रो ब्रह्ममयों निधि:

English

A king should establish a son who sees all aims in the courts, for the kingdom stands on legal dealings constantly.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.28

आकरे लवणे शुल्के तरे नागवने तथा नयसेद अमात्यान नृपतिः सवाप्तान वा पुरुषान हितान

ākare lavaṇe śulke tare nāgavane tathā nayaseda amātyāna nṛpatiḥ savāptāna vā puruṣāna hitāna

हिन्दी अर्थ

शुक्राचार्य उनके पुरोहित हुए, जो वैदिक ज्ञानके भण्डार हैं

English

At mines, salt, tolls, ferries and elephant forests, a king should post ministers or his own trusted men, well-wishers.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.29

सम्यग दण्डधरॊ नित्यं राजा धर्मम अवाप्नुयात नृपस्य सततं दण्डः सम्यग धर्मे परशस्यते

samyaga daṇḍadharò nityaṃ rājā dharmama avāpnuyāta nṛpasya satataṃ daṇḍaḥ samyaga dharme paraśasyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

महर्षिर्भगवान् गर्गस्तस्य सांवत्सरोभवत्

English

A king who rightly bears the rod always attains dharma; the rod of a king, rightly applied, is praised in dharma.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.30

वेदवेदाङ्गवित पराज्ञः सुतपस्वी नृपॊ भवेत दानशीलश च सततं यज्ञशीलश च भारत

vedavedāṅgavita parājñaḥ sutapasvī nṛpò bhaveta dānaśīlaśa ca satataṃ yajñaśīlaśa ca bhārata

हिन्दी अर्थ

उत्पन्नौ बन्दिनौ चास्य तत्पूर्वो सूतमागधौ

English

A king should be learned in the Vedas and their limbs, wise, a great ascetic, ever generous and given to sacrifice, Bharata."

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.31

एते गुणाः समस्ताः सयुर नृपस्य सततं सथिराः करिया लॊपे तु नृपतेः कुतः सवर्गः कुतॊ यशः

ete guṇāḥ samastāḥ sayura nṛpasya satataṃ sathirāḥ kariyā lòpe tu nṛpateḥ kutaḥ savargaḥ kutò yaśaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

देश सागरतटवर्ती प्राप्त) और मागधको मगध देश प्रदान किया

English

"All these qualities should be steady in a king always; if action fails, how can a king have heaven or fame?

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.32

यदा तु पीडितॊ राजा भवेद राज्ञा बलीयसा तरिधा तव आक्रन्द्य मित्राणि विधानम उपकल्पयेत

yadā tu pīḍitò rājā bhaveda rājñā balīyasā taridhā tava ākrandya mitrāṇi vidhānama upakalpayeta

हिन्दी अर्थ

वैषम्यं हि परं भूमेरासीदिति च न: श्रुतम्

English

When a king is oppressed by a stronger king, he should call out to friends in three ways and make arrangements.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.33

घॊषान नयसेत मार्गेषु गरामान उत्थापयेद अपि परवेशयेच च तान सर्वाञ शाखा नगरकेष्व अपि

ghòṣāna nayaseta mārgeṣu garāmāna utthāpayeda api paraveśayeca ca tāna sarvāña śākhā nagarakeṣva api

हिन्दी अर्थ

उज्जहार ततो वैन्य: शिलाजालान् समन्तत:

English

He should move the cow-camps along the roads, make villages rise and enter all of them into the branch towns.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.34

ये गुप्ताश चैव दुर्गाश च देशास तेषु परवेशयेत धनिनॊ बलमुख्यांश च सान्त्वयित्वा पुनः पुनः

ye guptāśa caiva durgāśa ca deśāsa teṣu paraveśayeta dhaninò balamukhyāṃśa ca sāntvayitvā punaḥ punaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

संचित कर दिया; इसीलिये पर्वतोंकी लम्बाई, चौड़ाई और ऊँचाई बढ़ गयी

English

He should enter into protected places and forts, again and again conciliating the wealthy and the chiefs of the army.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.35

सस्याभिहारं कुर्याच च सवयम एव नराधिपः असंभवे परवेशस्य दाहयेद अग्निना भृशम

sasyābhihāraṃ kuryāca ca savayama eva narādhipaḥ asaṃbhave paraveśasya dāhayeda agninā bhṛśama

हिन्दी अर्थ

स विष्णुना च देवेन शक्रेण विबुधै: सह

English

The king himself should remove the harvests; if entry is not possible, he should burn them fiercely.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.36

कषेत्रस्थेषु च सस्येषु शत्रॊर उपजपेन नरान विनाशयेद वा सर्वस्वं बलेनाथ सवकेन वै

kaṣetrastheṣu ca sasyeṣu śatròra upajapena narāna vināśayeda vā sarvasvaṃ balenātha savakena vai

हिन्दी अर्थ

राजाके पदपर अभिषेक किया

English

With the grain in the fields, he should whisper to the enemy's men and destroy or ruin all his property by his own force.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.37

नदीषु मार्गेषु सदा संक्रमान अवसादयेत जलं निस्रावयेत सर्वम अनिस्राव्यं च दूषयेत

nadīṣu mārgeṣu sadā saṃkramāna avasādayeta jalaṃ nisrāvayeta sarvama anisrāvyaṃ ca dūṣayeta

हिन्दी अर्थ

त॑ साक्षात् पृथिवी भेजे रत्नान्यादाय पाण्डव

English

On rivers and roads he should always destroy the crossings, drain all the water, and pollute what cannot be drained.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.38

तदात्वेनायतीभिश च विवदन भूम्यनन्तरम परतीघातः परस्याजौ मित्र काले ऽपय उपस्थिते

tadātvenāyatībhiśa ca vivadana bhūmyanantarama paratīghātaḥ parasyājau mitra kāle 'paya upasthite

हिन्दी अर्थ

और कामका निर्वाह करनेके लिये पर्याप्त हो

English

Disputing with the present and future about neighbouring land, counter-strikes on the enemy in battle should be made even when the time of an ally has come.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.39

दुर्गाणां चाभितॊ राजा मूलछेदं परकारयेत सर्वेषां कषुद्रवृक्षाणां चैत्यवृक्षान विवर्जयेत

durgāṇāṃ cābhitò rājā mūlachedaṃ parakārayeta sarveṣāṃ kaṣudravṛkṣāṇāṃ caityavṛkṣāna vivarjayeta

हिन्दी अर्थ

न जरा न च दुर्भिक्ष नाधयो व्याधयस्तथा

English

The king should have the roots of all the forts' surroundings cut, all small trees, but sparing the shrine-trees.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.40

परवृद्धानां च वृक्षाणां शाखाः परच्छेदयेत तथा चैत्यानां सर्वथा वर्ज्यम अपि पत्रस्य पातनम

paravṛddhānāṃ ca vṛkṣāṇāṃ śākhāḥ paracchedayeta tathā caityānāṃ sarvathā varjyama api patrasya pātanama

हिन्दी अर्थ

पर्वताश्न ददुर्मार्ग ध्वजभड़श्च नाभवत्

English

He should cut the branches of grown trees; but for shrine-trees it is wholly to be avoided, even the dropping of a leaf.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.41

परकण्ठीः कारयेत सम्यग आकाशजननीस तथा आपूरयेच च परिखाः सथाणुनक्र झषाकुलाः

parakaṇṭhīḥ kārayeta samyaga ākāśajananīsa tathā āpūrayeca ca parikhāḥ sathāṇunakra jhaṣākulāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

यक्षराक्षसनागैश्लापीप्सितं यस्य यस्य यत्

English

He should properly make parapets and openings to the sky, and fill the moats with posts, crocodiles and fish.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.42

कडङ्ग दवारकाणि सयुर उच्छ्वासार्थे पुरस्य ह तेषां च दवारवद गुप्तिः कार्या सर्वात्मना भवेत

kaḍaṅga davārakāṇi sayura ucchvāsārthe purasya ha teṣāṃ ca davāravada guptiḥ kāryā sarvātmanā bhaveta

हिन्दी अर्थ

नागोंमेंसे जिसको जो वस्तु अभीष्ट थी, वह उन्होंने पृथ्वीसे दुह ली थी

English

There should be sally-ports for the city's breathing, and their guarding, like the gates, should be done with all one's self.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.43

दवारेषु च गुरूण्य एव यन्त्राणि सथापयेत सदा आरॊपयेच छतघ्नीश च सवाधीनानि च कारयेत

davāreṣu ca gurūṇya eva yantrāṇi sathāpayeta sadā āròpayeca chataghnīśa ca savādhīnāni ca kārayeta

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजाओंका रंजन किया था; इसलिये वे 'राजा” कहलाते थे

English

At the gates he should always set heavy machines, mount shataghnis, and have them made under his own control.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.44

काष्ठानि चाभिहार्याणि तथा कूपांश च खानयेत संशॊधयेत तथा कूपान कृतान पूर्वं पयॊ ऽरथिभिः

kāṣṭhāni cābhihāryāṇi tathā kūpāṃśa ca khānayeta saṃśòdhayeta tathā kūpāna kṛtāna pūrvaṃ payò 'rathibhiḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

“राजन! कोई भी तुम्हारी आज्ञाका उल्लंघन नहीं कर सकेगा”

English

Fuel should be brought in and wells dug; wells made earlier should be cleaned by those wanting water.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.45

तृणछन्नानि वेश्मानि पङ्केनापि परलेपयेत निर्हरेच च तृणं मासे चैत्रे वह्नि भयात पुरः

tṛṇachannāni veśmāni paṅkenāpi paralepayeta nirhareca ca tṛṇaṃ māse caitre vahni bhayāta puraḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

आत्मना कारणैश्वैव समस्येह महीक्षित:

English

Houses covered with thatch should be plastered with mud, and in the month of Chaitra thatch should be removed from the city for fear of fire.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.46

नक्तम एव च भक्तानि पाचयेत नराधिपः न दिवाग्निर जवलेद गेहे वर्जयित्वाग्निहॊत्रिकम

naktama eva ca bhaktāni pācayeta narādhipaḥ na divāgnira javaleda gehe varjayitvāgnihòtrikama

हिन्दी अर्थ

जिससे सारा देश उस एक ही व्यक्तिके अधीन रहे?

English

The king should have food cooked only at night; no fire should burn by day in a house except the agnihotra.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.47

कर्मारारिष्ट शालासु जवलेद अग्निः समाहितः गृहाणि च परविश्याथ विधेयः सयाद धुताशनः

karmārāriṣṭa śālāsu javaleda agniḥ samāhitaḥ gṛhāṇi ca paraviśyātha vidheyaḥ sayāda dhutāśanaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

विष्णोर्ललाटात् कमलं सौवर्णमभवत् तदा

English

Fire should burn attentively in smithies and birth-rooms; entering houses, the fire should be controlled.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.48

महादण्डश च तस्य सयाद यस्याग्निर वै दिवा भवेत परघॊषयेद अथैवं च रक्षणार्थं पुरस्य वै

mahādaṇḍaśa ca tasya sayāda yasyāgnira vai divā bhaveta paraghòṣayeda athaivaṃ ca rakṣaṇārthaṃ purasya vai

हिन्दी अर्थ

बुद्धिमान् धर्मकी पत्नी श्रीदेवीका प्रादुर्भाव हुआ

English

Whoever has fire by day should be given a great penalty; this should be proclaimed for the protection of the city.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.49

भिक्षुकांश चाक्रिकांश चैव कषीबॊन्मत्तान कुशीलवान बाह्यान कुर्यान नरश्रेष्ठ दॊषाय सयुर हि ते ऽनयथा

bhikṣukāṃśa cākrikāṃśa caiva kaṣībònmattāna kuśīlavāna bāhyāna kuryāna naraśreṣṭha dòṣāya sayura hi te 'nayathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुकृतस्य क्षयाच्चैव स्वलोकादेत्य मेदिनीम्

English

Beggars, spies, drunkards, madmen and entertainers should be kept outside, best of men, otherwise they cause harm.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.50

चत्वरेषु च तीर्थेषु सभास्व आवसथेषु च यथार्ह वर्णं परणिधिं कुर्यात सर्वत्र पार्थिवः

catvareṣu ca tīrtheṣu sabhāsva āvasatheṣu ca yathārha varṇaṃ paraṇidhiṃ kuryāta sarvatra pārthivaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तुल्यस्यैकस्य यस्यायं लोको वचसि तिष्ठते

English

At crossroads, tirthas, assemblies and rest-houses, the king should post agents of fitting class everywhere.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.51

विशालान राजमार्गांश च कारयेत नराधिपः परपाश च विपणीश चैव यथॊद्देशं समादिशेत

viśālāna rājamārgāṃśa ca kārayeta narādhipaḥ parapāśa ca vipaṇīśa caiva yathòddeśaṃ samādiśeta

हिन्दी अर्थ

सुभगं चार्थवन्तं च रूपवन्तं च पश्यति

English

The king should have broad royal roads made, and appoint water-sheds and shops as the place requires.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.52

भाण्डागारायुधागारान धान्यागारांश च सर्वशः अश्वागारान गजागारान बलाधिकरणानि च

bhāṇḍāgārāyudhāgārāna dhānyāgārāṃśa ca sarvaśaḥ aśvāgārāna gajāgārāna balādhikaraṇāni ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

नयचारश्न विपुलो येन सर्वमिदं ततम्

English

Treasuries, arsenals, granaries everywhere, stables for horses and elephants, and army offices;

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.53

परिखाश चैव कौरव्य परतॊलीः संकटानि च न जातु कश चित पश्येत तु गुह्यम एतद युधिष्ठिर

parikhāśa caiva kauravya paratòlīḥ saṃkaṭāni ca na jātu kaśa cita paśyeta tu guhyama etada yudhiṣṭhira

हिन्दी अर्थ

अधिक प्रचार होता है, जिससे यह सारा जगत् व्याप्त है

English

moats, Kaurava, gateways and narrow passes: no one should ever see this secret, Yudhishthira.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.54

अथ संनिचयं कुर्याद राजा परबलार्दितः तैलं मधु घृतं सस्यम औषधानि च सर्वशः

atha saṃnicayaṃ kuryāda rājā parabalārditaḥ tailaṃ madhu ghṛtaṃ sasyama auṣadhāni ca sarvaśaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

चातुर्वर्ण्य तथैवात्र चातुर्विद्यं च कीर्तितम्

English

Then a king oppressed by a strong enemy should make stores: oil, honey, ghee, grain and herbs of every kind.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.55

अङ्गारकुश मुञ्जानां पलाशशरपर्णिनाम यवसेन्धन दिग्धानां कारयेत च संचयान

aṅgārakuśa muñjānāṃ palāśaśaraparṇināma yavasendhana digdhānāṃ kārayeta ca saṃcayāna

हिन्दी अर्थ

तपो ज्ञानमहिंसा च सत्यासत्येन य: पर:

English

He should have stores made of charcoal, kusha, munja grass, palasha, reeds, leaves, straw and fuel smeared (with ghee).

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.56

आयुधानां च सर्वेषां शक्त्यृष्टि परासवर्मणाम संचयान एवमादीनां कारयेत नराधिपः

āyudhānāṃ ca sarveṣāṃ śaktyṛṣṭi parāsavarmaṇāma saṃcayāna evamādīnāṃ kārayeta narādhipaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

सर्वभूतानुकम्पा च सर्वमत्रोपवर्णितम्

English

The king should make stores of all weapons—spears, lances, javelins, armour and the like.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.57

औषधानि च सर्वाणि मूलानि च फलानि च चतुर्विधांश च वैद्यान वै संगृह्णीयाद विशेषतः

auṣadhāni ca sarvāṇi mūlāni ca phalāni ca caturvidhāṃśa ca vaidyāna vai saṃgṛhṇīyāda viśeṣataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्मिन् पैतामहे शास्त्रे पाण्डवैतन्न संशय:

English

He should especially gather all herbs, roots and fruits, and the four kinds of physicians.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.58

नटाश च नर्तकाश चैव मल्ला माया विनस तथा शॊभयेयुः पुरवरं मॊदयेयुश च सर्वशः

naṭāśa ca nartakāśa caiva mallā māyā vinasa tathā śòbhayeyuḥ puravaraṃ mòdayeyuśa ca sarvaśaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

देवाश्व नरदेवाश्न तुल्या इति विशाम्पते

English

Actors, dancers, wrestlers and jugglers should adorn the excellent city and entertain everywhere.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.59

यतः शङ्का भवेच चापि भृत्यतॊ वापि मन्त्रितः पौरेभ्यॊ नृपतेर वापि सवाधीनान कारयेत तान

yataḥ śaṅkā bhaveca cāpi bhṛtyatò vāpi mantritaḥ paurebhyò nṛpatera vāpi savādhīnāna kārayeta tāna

हिन्दी अर्थ

कार्त्स्येन भरतश्रेष्ठ किमन्यदिह वर्तते

English

Wherever there is suspicion from a servant, a counsellor or the townsfolk, or the king's own, he should bring them under his control.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.60

कृते कर्मणि राजेन्द्र पूजयेद धनसंचयैः मानेन च यथार्हेण सान्त्वेन विविधेन च

kṛte karmaṇi rājendra pūjayeda dhanasaṃcayaiḥ mānena ca yathārheṇa sāntvena vividhena ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

एकोनषष्टितमो5 ध्याय:

English

When a task is done, king of kings, he should honour them with piles of wealth, with fitting honour and with various conciliation.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.61

निर्वेदयित्वा तु परं हत्वा वा कुरुनन्दन गतानृण्यॊ भवेद राजा यथाशास्त्रेषु दर्शितम

nirvedayitvā tu paraṃ hatvā vā kurunandana gatānṛṇyò bhaveda rājā yathāśāstreṣu darśitama

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्राउ्जलिरनियतो भूत्वा पर्यपृच्छद् युधिछिर:

English

Having dismissed the enemy or slain him, delight of the Kurus, the king becomes free of debt as shown in the scriptures.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.62

राज्ञा सप्तैव रक्ष्याणि तानि चापि निबॊध मे आत्मामात्यश च कॊशश च दण्डॊ मित्राणि चैव हि

rājñā saptaiva rakṣyāṇi tāni cāpi nibòdha me ātmāmātyaśa ca kòśaśa ca daṇḍò mitrāṇi caiva hi

हिन्दी अर्थ

गड़ानन्दन पितामह भीष्मको प्रणाम किया और हाथ जोड़कर पूछा--

English

A king must protect seven things; hear them from me: himself, ministers, treasury, the rod, and friends,

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.63

तथा जनपदश चैव पुरं च कुरुनन्दन एतत सप्तात्मकं राज्यं परिपाल्यं परयत्नतः

tathā janapadaśa caiva puraṃ ca kurunandana etata saptātmakaṃ rājyaṃ paripālyaṃ parayatnataḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

केन पौराश्च भृत्याश्न वर्धन्ते भरतर्षभ

English

and the country and the city, delight of the Kurus; this sevenfold kingdom is to be protected with effort.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.64

षाड्गुण्यं च तरिवर्गं च तरिवर्गम अपरं तथा यॊ वेत्ति पुरुषव्याघ्र स भुनक्ति महीम इमाम

ṣāḍguṇyaṃ ca tarivargaṃ ca tarivargama aparaṃ tathā yò vetti puruṣavyāghra sa bhunakti mahīma imāma

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऋ्विक्पुरोहिताचार्यान् कीदृशान् वर्जयेन्नप:

English

He who knows the six measures of policy, the triple aim and the other triad, tiger among men, enjoys this earth.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.65

षाड्गुण्यम इति यत परॊक्तं तन निबॊध युधिष्ठिर संधायासनम इत्य एव यात्रा संधानम एव च

ṣāḍguṇyama iti yata paròktaṃ tana nibòdha yudhiṣṭhira saṃdhāyāsanama itya eva yātrā saṃdhānama eva ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

आचार्योका त्याग कर देना चाहिए?

English

Hear what is called the six measures, Yudhishthira: making peace, sitting quiet, marching, and alliance,

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.66

विगृह्यासनम इत्य एव यात्रां संपरिगृह्य च दवैधी भावस तथान्येषां संश्रयॊ ऽथ परस्य च

vigṛhyāsanama itya eva yātrāṃ saṃparigṛhya ca davaidhī bhāvasa tathānyeṣāṃ saṃśrayò 'tha parasya ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुतो वा5त्मा दृढं रक्ष्यस्तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह

English

waging war, sitting quiet, marching having prepared, double policy toward others, and seeking refuge with another.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.67

तरिवर्गश चापि यः परॊक्तस तम इहैकमनाः शृणु कषयः सथानं च वृद्धिश च तरिवर्गम अपरं तथा

tarivargaśa cāpi yaḥ paròktasa tama ihaikamanāḥ śṛṇu kaṣayaḥ sathānaṃ ca vṛddhiśa ca tarivargama aparaṃ tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणेभ्यो नमस्कृत्य धर्मान् वक्ष्यामि शाश्वतान्

English

And the triad that is declared—hear it here with a single mind: decline, stability and growth, and the other triad.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.68

धर्मश चार्थश च कामश च सेवितव्यॊ ऽथ कालतः धर्मेण हि महीपालश चिरं पालयते महीम

dharmaśa cārthaśa ca kāmaśa ca sevitavyò 'tha kālataḥ dharmeṇa hi mahīpālaśa ciraṃ pālayate mahīma

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजन: स्वेषु दारेषु शौचमद्रोह एव च

English

Dharma, wealth and desire should be followed in due time; by dharma a lord of the earth protects the earth long.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.69

अस्मिन्न अर्थे च यौ शलॊकौ गीताव अङ्गिरसा सवयम यादवी पुत्र भद्रं ते शरॊतुम अर्हसि ताव अपि

asminna arthe ca yau śalòkau gītāva aṅgirasā savayama yādavī putra bhadraṃ te śaròtuma arhasi tāva api

हिन्दी अर्थ

ब्राह्मणस्य तु यो धर्मस्तं ते वक्ष्यामि केवलम्

English

On this matter there are two verses sung by Angiras himself; blessings on you, son of the Yadavi, you ought to hear them.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.70

कृत्वा सर्वाणि कार्याणि सम्यक संपाल्य मेदिनीम पालयित्वा तथा पौरान परत्र सुखम एधते

kṛtvā sarvāṇi kāryāṇi samyaka saṃpālya medinīma pālayitvā tathā paurāna paratra sukhama edhate

हिन्दी अर्थ

कुर्यादन्यन्न वा कुर्यान्मैत्रो ब्राह्मण उच्यते

English

Having done all tasks and rightly protected the earth, and likewise protected the townsfolk, he prospers in the next world.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 69.71

किं तस्य तपसा राज्ञः किं च तस्याध्वरैर अपि अपालिताः परजा यस्य सर्वा धर्मविनाकृताः

kiṃ tasya tapasā rājñaḥ kiṃ ca tasyādhvaraira api apālitāḥ parajā yasya sarvā dharmavinākṛtāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

दद्याद् राजन् न याचेत यजेत न च याजयेत्

English

What use to that king is austerity, or even sacrifices, whose subjects are all unprotected and bereft of dharma?"

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.1

दण्डनीतिश च राजा च समस्तौ ताव उभाव अपि तस्य किं कुर्वतः सिद्ध्यै तन मे बरूहि पिता मह

daṇḍanītiśa ca rājā ca samastau tāva ubhāva api tasya kiṃ kurvataḥ siddhyai tana me barūhi pitā maha

हिन्दी अर्थ

नास्य कृत्यतमं किंचिदन्यद् दस्युनिबर्हणात्

English

the whole earth to resound with the rattle of his wheels and subjugated all monarchs. l Usinara's son Sivi gave away, in a sacrifice, all the kine and horses he had, both domestic and wild. The Creator himself thought that no one amongst the kings of the past or the future had or would have the ability to bear the burthen, O Srinjaya, that Usinara's son Sivi, that foremost of kings, that hero who was possessed of prowess equal to that of Indra himself, bore. Do not, therefore, grieve or thy son who never performed any sacrifice nor made any gift. Indeed, O Srinjaya, when Sivi, who was far superior to thee in the four attributes and who was purer than thy son, fell a prey to death, do not grieve for thy son that is dead. We hear, O Srinjaya, that the high-souled Bharata also, the son of Dushmanta and Sakuntala, who had a vast and well-filled treasury, fell a prey to death. Devoting three hundred horses unto the gods on the banks of the Yamuna, twenty on the banks of the Saraswati, and fourteen on the banks of Ganga, that king of great energy, in days of old, performed (in this order) a thousand Horse-sacrifices and a hundred Rajasuyas. No one amongst the kings of the earth can imitate the great deeds of Bharata, even as no man can, by the might of his arms, soar into the welkin. Erecting numerous sacrificial altars, he gave away innumerable horses and untold wealth unto the sage Kanwa. 2 When even he, O Srinjaya, who was far superior to thee in the four attributes and who was purer than thy son, fell a prey to death, do not grieve for thy son that is dead. We hear, O Srinjaya, that Rama also, the son of Dasaratha, fell a prey to death. He always cherished his subjects as if they were the sons of his own loins. In his dominions there were no widows and none that was helpless. Indeed, Rama in governing his kingdom always acted like his father Dasaratha. The clouds, yielding showers season ably, caused the crops to grow abundantly. During the period of his rule, food was always abundant in his kingdom. No death occurred by drowning or by fire. As long as Rama governed it, there was no fear in his kingdom of any disease. Every man lived for a thousand years, and every man was blessed with a thousand children. During the period of Rama's sway, all men were whole and all men attained the fruition of their wishes. The very women did not quarrel with one another, what need then be said of the men? During his rule his subjects were always devoted to virtue. Contented, crowned with fruition in respect of all the objects of their desire, fearless, free, and wedded to the vow of truth, were all the people when Rama governed the kingdom. The trees always bore flowers and fruit and were subject to no accidents. Every cow yielded milk filling a drona to the brim. Having dwelt, in the observance of severe penances,

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.2

महाभाग्यं दण्डनीत्याः सिद्धैः शब्दैः स हेतुकैः शृणु मे शंसतॊ राजन यथा वद इह भारत

mahābhāgyaṃ daṇḍanītyāḥ siddhaiḥ śabdaiḥ sa hetukaiḥ śṛṇu me śaṃsatò rājana yathā vada iha bhārata

हिन्दी अर्थ

लब्धाच्च सप्तमं भागं तथा शृड्गे कलां खुरे

English

"Hear from me the greatness of the rod-policy, as I tell it with the words of the perfected and with reasons, Bharata.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.3

दण्डनीतिः सवधर्मेभ्यश चातुर्वर्ण्यं नियच्छति परयुक्ता सवामिना सम्यग अधर्मेभ्यश च यच्छति

daṇḍanītiḥ savadharmebhyaśa cāturvarṇyaṃ niyacchati parayuktā savāminā samyaga adharmebhyaśa ca yacchati

हिन्दी अर्थ

अतिरेकेण भर्तव्यो भर्ता द्रव्यपरिक्षये

English

The rod-policy, rightly applied by the master, keeps the four classes to their own dharmas and restrains them from unrighteousness.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.4

चातुर्वर्ण्ये सवधर्मस्थे मर्यादानाम असंकरे दण्डनीति कृते कषेमे परजानाम अकुतॊभये

cāturvarṇye savadharmasthe maryādānāma asaṃkare daṇḍanīti kṛte kaṣeme parajānāma akutòbhaye

हिन्दी अर्थ

हैवतं हि परं विप्रा: स्वेन स्वेन परस्परम्

English

When the four classes abide in their own dharma, boundaries are not mixed, and by the rod-policy security for the subjects is made free of fear,

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.5

सॊमे परयत्नं कुर्वन्ति तरयॊ वर्णा यथाविधि तस्माद देवमनुष्याणां सुखं विद्धि समाहितम

sòme parayatnaṃ kurvanti tarayò varṇā yathāvidhi tasmāda devamanuṣyāṇāṃ sukhaṃ viddhi samāhitama

हिन्दी अर्थ

संसृष्टा ब्राह्मणैरेव त्रिषु वर्णेषु सृष्टय:

English

the three classes strive duly for soma; therefore know that the happiness of gods and men is well established.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.6

कालॊ वा कारणं राज्ञॊ राजा वा कालकारणम इति ते संशयॊ मा भूद राजा कालस्य कारणम

kālò vā kāraṇaṃ rājñò rājā vā kālakāraṇama iti te saṃśayò mā bhūda rājā kālasya kāraṇama

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माद् वर्ण: सर्वयज्ञा: संसृज्यन्ते न काम्यया

English

Is the age the cause of the king, or the king the cause of the age? Let there be no doubt for you: the king is the cause of the age.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.7

दण्डनीत्या यदा राजा सम्यक कार्त्स्न्येन वर्तते तदा कृतयुगं नाम कालः शरेष्ठः परवर्तते

daṇḍanītyā yadā rājā samyaka kārtsnyena vartate tadā kṛtayugaṃ nāma kālaḥ śareṣṭhaḥ paravartate

हिन्दी अर्थ

यज्ञों मनीषया तात सर्ववर्णेषु भारत

English

When a king acts rightly and entirely by the rod-policy, the best age, called the Krita age, sets in.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.8

भवेत कृतयुगे धर्मॊ नाधर्मॊ विद्यते कव चित सर्वेषाम एव वर्णानां नाधर्मे रमते मनः

bhaveta kṛtayuge dharmò nādharmò vidyate kava cita sarveṣāma eva varṇānāṃ nādharme ramate manaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

उसमें सभी वर्णोका अधिकार है

English

In the Krita age there is dharma, nowhere is there adharma; the minds of all classes do not delight in adharma.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.9

यॊगक्षेमाः परवर्तन्ते परजानां नात्र संशयः वैदिकानि च कर्माणि भवन्त्य अविगुणान्य उत

yògakṣemāḥ paravartante parajānāṃ nātra saṃśayaḥ vaidikāni ca karmāṇi bhavantya aviguṇānya uta

हिन्दी अर्थ

ततः सर्वेषु वर्णेषु श्रद्धायज्ञो विधीयते

English

Security and welfare proceed for the subjects, without doubt; Vedic rites are without fault.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.10

ऋतवश च सुखाः सर्वे भवन्त्य उत निरामयाः परसीदन्ति नराणां च सवरवर्णमनांसि च

ṛtavaśa ca sukhāḥ sarve bhavantya uta nirāmayāḥ parasīdanti narāṇāṃ ca savaravarṇamanāṃsi ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माद् राज्ञा विशेषेण योद्धव्यं धर्ममीप्सता

English

for four and ten years in the woods, Rama performed ten Horse-sacrifices of great splendour 1 and to them the freest access was given to all. Possessed of youth, of a dark complexion, with red eyes, he looked like the leader of an elephantine herd. With aims stretching down to his knees and of handsome face, his shoulders were like those of a lion and the might of his arms great. Ascending upon the throne of Ayodhya, he ruled for ten thousand and ten hundred years. When, he O Srinjaya, who transcended thee in the four principal attributes and who was purer than thy son, fell a prey to death, do not grieve for thy son that is dead. We hear, O Srinjaya, that king Bhagiratha also died. In one of the sacrifices of that king, intoxicated with the Soma he had drunk, Indra, the adorable chastiser of Paka and the chief of the gods, vanquished, by putting forth the might of his arms, many thousands of Asuras. King Bhagiratha, in one of the sacrifices he performed, gave away a million of maidens adorned with ornaments of gold. Each of those maidens sat upon a car and unto each car were attached four steeds. With each car were a hundred elephants, all of the foremost breed and decked with chains of gold. Behind each elephant were

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.11

वयाधयॊ न भवन्त्य अत्र नाल्पायुर दृश्यते नरः विधवा न भवन्त्य अत्र नृशंसॊ नाभिजायते

vayādhayò na bhavantya atra nālpāyura dṛśyate naraḥ vidhavā na bhavantya atra nṛśaṃsò nābhijāyate

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मेण सर्वकृत्यानि शमनिष्ठानि कारयेत्

English

Diseases do not occur here; no man is seen short-lived; widows do not occur and no cruel person is born.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.12

अकृष्टपच्यॊ पृथिवी भवन्त्य ओषधयस तथा तवक पत्रफलमूलानि वीर्यवन्ति भवन्ति च

akṛṣṭapacyò pṛthivī bhavantya oṣadhayasa tathā tavaka patraphalamūlāni vīryavanti bhavanti ca

हिन्दी अर्थ

दानमध्ययनं यज्ञ: शौचेन धनसंचय:

English

The earth bears unploughed harvests, and herbs, and bark, leaves, fruits and roots are potent.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.13

नाधर्मॊ विद्यते तत्र धर्म एव तु केवलः इति कार्तयुगान एतान गुणान विद्धि युधिष्ठिर

nādharmò vidyate tatra dharma eva tu kevalaḥ iti kārtayugāna etāna guṇāna viddhi yudhiṣṭhira

हिन्दी अर्थ

पवित्रतापूर्वक धनका संग्रह ये वैश्यके कर्म हैं

English

There is no adharma there, dharma alone; know these as the qualities of the Krita age, Yudhishthira.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.14

दण्डनीत्या यदा राजा तरीन अंशान अनुवर्तते चतुर्थम अंशम उत्सृज्य तदा तरेता परवर्तते

daṇḍanītyā yadā rājā tarīna aṃśāna anuvartate caturthama aṃśama utsṛjya tadā taretā paravartate

हिन्दी अर्थ

विकर्म तद् भवेदन्यत् कर्म यत् स समाचरेत्

English

When a king by the rod-policy follows three parts and gives up the fourth, then the Treta age begins.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.15

अशुभस्य चतुर्थां शस्त्रीन अंशान अनुवर्तते कृष्टपच्यैव पृथिवी भवन्त्य ओषधयस तथा

aśubhasya caturthāṃ śastrīna aṃśāna anuvartate kṛṣṭapacyaiva pṛthivī bhavantya oṣadhayasa tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

विपरीत कर्म होगा

English

Following three parts, leaving a fourth of the inauspicious; the earth is ploughed for its crops, and herbs likewise.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.16

अर्धं तयक्त्वा यदा राजा नीत्यर्धम अनुवर्तते ततस तु दवापरं नाम स कालः संप्रवर्तते

ardhaṃ tayaktvā yadā rājā nītyardhama anuvartate tatasa tu davāparaṃ nāma sa kālaḥ saṃpravartate

हिन्दी अर्थ

प्रजापतिर्हि वैश्याय सृष्टवा परिददौ पशून्

English

When the king gives up half and follows half the policy, then the age called Dvapara begins.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.17

अशुभस्य तदा अर्धं दवाव अंशाव अनुवर्तते कृष्टपच्यैव पृथिवी भवत्य अल्पफला तथा

aśubhasya tadā ardhaṃ davāva aṃśāva anuvartate kṛṣṭapacyaiva pṛthivī bhavatya alpaphalā tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

सृष्टि करके उनके पालनका भार वैश्यको सौंप दिया था

English

Then he follows two parts of the inauspicious; the earth is ploughed for crops and yields little fruit.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.18

दण्डनीतिं परित्यज्य यदा कार्त्स्न्येन भूमिपः परजाः कलिश्नात्य अयॊगेन परविश्यति तदा कलिः

daṇḍanītiṃ parityajya yadā kārtsnyena bhūmipaḥ parajāḥ kaliśnātya ayògena paraviśyati tadā kaliḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्य वृत्तिं प्रवक्ष्यामि यच्च तस्योपजीवनम्

English

When a lord of the earth entirely abandons the rod-policy and troubles the subjects, entering by non-policy, then the Kali age begins.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.19

कलाव अधर्मॊ भूयिष्ठं धर्मॊ भवति तु कव चित सर्वेषाम एव वर्णानां सवधर्माच चयवते मनः

kalāva adharmò bhūyiṣṭhaṃ dharmò bhavati tu kava cita sarveṣāma eva varṇānāṃ savadharmāca cayavate manaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

उस वृत्तिका वर्णन करूँगा, जिससे उसका जीवन-निर्वाह हो

English

In the Kali age there is mostly adharma and dharma is only here and there; the minds of all classes fall from their own dharma.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.20

शूद्रा भैक्षेण जीवन्ति बराह्मणाः परिचर्यया यॊगक्षेमस्य नाशश च वर्तते वर्णसंकरः

śūdrā bhaikṣeṇa jīvanti barāhmaṇāḥ paricaryayā yògakṣemasya nāśaśa ca vartate varṇasaṃkaraḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

ग्रहण करना चाहिए

English

Shudras live by begging and Brahmanas by service; the loss of security and welfare occurs, and mixture of classes.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.21

वैदिकानि च कर्माणि भवन्ति वि गुणान्य उत ऋतवॊ न सुखाः सर्वे भवन्त्य आमयिनस तथा

vaidikāni ca karmāṇi bhavanti vi guṇānya uta ṛtavò na sukhāḥ sarve bhavantya āmayinasa tathā

हिन्दी अर्थ

न च वैश्यस्य काम: स्यान्न रक्षेयं पशूनिति

English

Vedic rites are faulty, the seasons are not pleasant, and all become sick.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.22

हरसन्ति च मनुष्याणां सवरवर्णमनांस्य उत वयाधयश च भवन्त्य अत्र मरियन्ते चागतायुषः

harasanti ca manuṣyāṇāṃ savaravarṇamanāṃsya uta vayādhayaśa ca bhavantya atra mariyante cāgatāyuṣaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

मनमें कभी यह संकल्प नहीं उठना चाहिए कि “मैं पशुओंका पालन नहीं करूँगा”

English

The voices, colours and minds of men decline, diseases occur and people die before their span.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.23

विधवाश च भवन्त्य अत्र नृशंसा जायते परजा कव चिद वर्षति पर्जन्यः कव चित सस्यं पररॊहति

vidhavāśa ca bhavantya atra nṛśaṃsā jāyate parajā kava cida varṣati parjanyaḥ kava cita sasyaṃ pararòhati

हिन्दी अर्थ

शूद्रस्यापि हि यो धर्मस्तं ते वक्ष्यामि भारत

English

Widows occur and cruel offspring are born; the rain-god rains here and there, and grain grows here and there.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.24

रसाः सर्वे कषयं यान्ति यदा नेच्छति भूमिपः परजाः संरक्षितुं सम्यग दण्डनीति समाहितः

rasāḥ sarve kaṣayaṃ yānti yadā necchati bhūmipaḥ parajāḥ saṃrakṣituṃ samyaga daṇḍanīti samāhitaḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्माच्छुद्रस्य वर्णानां परिचर्या विधीयते

English

All savours decay when the lord of the earth does not wish to protect the subjects rightly, being devoted to the rod-policy.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.25

राजा कृतयुगस्रष्टा तरेताया दवापरस्य च युगस्य च चतुर्थस्य राजा भवति कारणम

rājā kṛtayugasraṣṭā taretāyā davāparasya ca yugasya ca caturthasya rājā bhavati kāraṇama

हिन्दी अर्थ

शूद्र एतान् परिचरेत् त्रीन् वर्णाननुपूर्वश:

English

The king is the maker of the Krita age, of the Treta, of the Dvapara, and of the fourth age; the king is the cause.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.26

कृतस्य करणाद राजा सवर्गम अत्यन्तम अश्नुते तरेतायाः करणाद राजा सवर्गं नात्यन्तम अश्नुते

kṛtasya karaṇāda rājā savargama atyantama aśnute taretāyāḥ karaṇāda rājā savargaṃ nātyantama aśnute

हिन्दी अर्थ

तस्य वृत्तिं प्रवक्ष्यामि यच्च तस्योपजीवनम्

English

By making the Krita age the king attains heaven fully; by making the Treta he does not attain heaven fully.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.27

परवर्तनाद दवापरस्य यथाभागम उपाश्नुते कलेः परवर्तनाद राजा पापम अत्यन्तम अश्नुते

paravartanāda davāparasya yathābhāgama upāśnute kaleḥ paravartanāda rājā pāpama atyantama aśnute

हिन्दी अर्थ

अधार्याणि विशीर्णानि वसनानि द्विजातिभि:

English

By starting the Dvapara he obtains his portion; by starting the Kali the king incurs utter sin.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.28

ततॊ वसति दुष्कर्मा नरके शाश्वतीः समाः परजानां कल्मषे मग्नॊ ऽकीर्थिं पापं च विन्दति

tatò vasati duṣkarmā narake śāśvatīḥ samāḥ parajānāṃ kalmaṣe magnò 'kīrthiṃ pāpaṃ ca vindati

हिन्दी अर्थ

यं च कज्चिद् द्विजातीनां शूद्र: शुश्रूषुरात्रजेत्

English

Then the evil-doer dwells in hell for eternal years, immersed in the stain of the subjects, and gains infamy and sin.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.29

दण्डनीतिं पुरस्कृत्य विजान कषत्रियः सदा अनवाप्तं च लिप्सेत लब्धं च परिपालयेत

daṇḍanītiṃ puraskṛtya vijāna kaṣatriyaḥ sadā anavāptaṃ ca lipseta labdhaṃ ca paripālayeta

हिन्दी अर्थ

देय: पिण्डो5नपत्याय भर्तव्यौ वृद्धदुर्बली

English

Putting the rod-policy first, a kshatriya should always desire what is not yet obtained and protect what is obtained.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.30

लॊकस्य सीमन्त करी मर्यादा लॊकभावनी सम्यङ नीता दण्डनीतिर यथा माता यथा पिता

lòkasya sīmanta karī maryādā lòkabhāvanī samyaṅa nītā daṇḍanītira yathā mātā yathā pitā

हिन्दी अर्थ

यजन करे। पाकयज्ञकी दक्षिणा पूर्णपात्रमयी- बतायी गयी है

English

The rod-policy rightly applied is the boundary-maker of the world, its limit, and its sustainer, like mother and father.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.31

यस्यां भवन्ति भूतानि तद विद्धि भरतर्षभ एष एव परॊ धर्मॊ यद राजा दण्डनीति मान

yasyāṃ bhavanti bhūtāni tada viddhi bharatarṣabha eṣa eva parò dharmò yada rājā daṇḍanīti māna

हिन्दी अर्थ

अनुष्ठान करके उसकी दक्षिणाके रूपमें एक लाख पूर्णपात्र दान किये थे

English

Know that in which beings come to be, bull of the Bharatas: this alone is the supreme dharma, that a king be possessed of the rod-policy.

अध्याय 12

श्लोक 70.32

तस्मात कौरव्य धर्मेण परजाः पालय नीतिमान एवंवृत्तः परजा रक्षन सवर्गं जेतासि दुर जयम

tasmāta kauravya dharmeṇa parajāḥ pālaya nītimāna evaṃvṛttaḥ parajā rakṣana savargaṃ jetāsi dura jayama

हिन्दी अर्थ

अग्रे सर्वेषु यज्ञेषु श्रद्धायज्ञो विधीयते

English

Therefore, Kaurava, protect the subjects by dharma, with policy; conducting yourself so, protecting the subjects, you will win heaven, hard to win."

स्रोत: bhavykhatri/DharmicData · प्राप्त 1/6/2026

शास्त्रीय प्रामाणिकता एवं पारदर्शकताSources & Interpretation

स्रोत, संस्करण एवं व्याख्या वर्गीकरण

धर्म ग्रंथ पर मूल शास्त्र, पारंपरिक भाष्य और आधुनिक व्याख्या को पूर्णतः पृथक रखा जाता है ताकि पाठक को किसी भी व्याख्या के शास्त्र होने का भ्रम न हो।

सामग्री वर्गीकरण संकेत (Epistemic Content Labels)

6 स्तरिय प्रमाण व्यवस्था
मूल पाठOriginal text

अपौरुषेय / प्रामाणिक शास्त्र (Primary Canonical Scripture)

मूल संस्कृत, प्राकृत अथवा अवधी श्लोक/मंत्र। यह सर्वोच्च प्रमाण (प्रस्थान) है। इस पाठ में किसी भी आधुनिक व्याख्याकार का हस्तक्षेप नहीं है।

शाब्दिक अनुवादLiteral translation

पदार्थ व अन्वय (Direct Grammatical & Word-for-Word Meaning)

व्याकरणसम्मत प्रत्यक्ष शब्दार्थ (अन्वय)। बिना किसी दार्शनिक संप्रदाय के पूर्वाग्रह के, संस्कृत शब्दों का सटीक भाषांतर।

पारंपरिक भाष्यTraditional commentary

आचार्य परंपरा व टीका (Classical Lineage Commentary)

प्राचीन आचार्य परंपरा (यथा शंकराचार्य, रामानुजाचार्य, मध्वाचार्य, श्रीधर स्वामी) द्वारा विरचित शास्त्रीय भाष्य व टीकाएं।

सरल व्याख्याSimple explanation

भावार्थ व सुबोध प्रबोधन (Accessible Pedagogical Exposition)

आधुनिक जिज्ञासुओं के लिए सरल भाषा में भावार्थ। यह मूल मंत्र नहीं, बल्कि पाठ को सुगम बनाने हेतु संपादकीय व्याख्या है।

आधुनिक चिंतनModern reflection

समसामयिक विमर्श व अनुप्रयोग (Contemporary Application & Analysis)

दार्शनिक, मनोवैज्ञानिक व वैज्ञानिक समरूपताओं पर आधुनिक चिंतन। यह मूल शास्त्र का अंग नहीं है और इसे शास्त्रोक्त सिद्धांत के रूप में नहीं देखा जाना चाहिए।

शोध टिप्पणीResearch note

पांडुलिपि एवं ऐतिहासिक शोध (Critical Apparatus & Manuscript Research)

पांडुलिपि विविधताएं, पाठ-भेद (variant readings), छंद रचना, और ऐतिहासिक व तुलनात्मक भाषावैज्ञानिक शोध। यह शास्त्र का मूल संदेश बदलने हेतु नहीं, बल्कि पाठ की प्रामाणिकता परखने के लिए है।