Harivamsha Purana
19
अध्याय 19 / 318

Parva 1, Adhyāya 19

22 श्लोक

पूर्ण अध्याय पाठ22 श्लोक

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 1

पितृकल्प- भरद्वाज के पुत्रों की कथा, योगभ्रष्ट पुरुषों की गति, योगसिद्धि के अधिकारी पुरुषों के लक्षण तथा मार्कण्डेय सनत्कुमार संवाद की समाप्ति आसन् पूर्वयुगे तात भरद्वाजात्मजा द्विजाः योगधर्ममनुप्राप्य भ्रष्टा दुश्चरितेन वै

pitṛkalpa- bharadvāja ke putroṃ kī kathā, yogabhraṣṭa puruṣoṃ kī gati, yogasiddhi ke adhikārī puruṣoṃ ke lakṣaṇa tathā mārkaṇḍeya sanatkumāra saṃvāda kī samāpti āsan pūrvayuge tāta bharadvājātmajā dvijāḥ yogadharmamanuprāpya bhraṣṭā duścaritena vai

हिन्दी अर्थ

मार्कण्डेयजी कहते हैं—(सनत्कुमारजीने अन्तर्धान होनेसे पहले मुझसे इस प्रकार कहा—) तात! पूर्वयुगमें कुछ ब्राह्मण रहते थे, जो भरद्वाजके पुत्र थे। वे योगधर्मका सेवन करते-करते दुराचारमें फँस जानेके कारण (स्वर्गसे) भ्रष्ट हो गये थे

English

Janamejaya said:—Why did the powerful Nikumbha imprecate a curse on Bārānasi? Who is the virtuous Nikumbha who pronounced a curse on that holy land (25)?

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 2

अपभ्रंशमनुप्राप्ता योगधर्मापचारिणः ।महतः सरसः पारे मानसस्य विसंज्ञिताः

apabhraṃśamanuprāptā yogadharmāpacāriṇaḥ | mahataḥ sarasaḥ pāre mānasasya visaṃjñitāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

वे योगधर्मका उल्लड्डन करनेवाले ब्राह्मण अचेतन-से होकर महान्‌ मानसरोवरके तटपर आकर गिरे

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 3

तमेवार्थमनुध्यायन्तो नष्टमप्स्विव मोहिताः ।अप्राप्य योगं ते सर्वे संयुक्ताः कालधर्मणा

tamevārthamanudhyāyanto naṣṭamapsviva mohitāḥ | aprāpya yogaṃ te sarve saṃyuktāḥ kāladharmaṇā

हिन्दी अर्थ

वे सभी जलमें डूबते हुए पुरुषके समान मोहमें पड़ गये और उसी योगविषयका विचार करते-करते योगके तत्त्वको बिना पाये ही मर गये

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 4

ततस्ते योगविभ्रष्टा देवेषु सुचिरोषिताः ।जाताः कौशिकदायादाः कुरुक्षेत्रे नरर्षभाः

tataste yogavibhraṣṭā deveṣu suciroṣitāḥ | jātāḥ kauśikadāyādāḥ kurukṣetre nararṣabhāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

अब वे योगभ्रष्ट नर्श्रेष्ठ भरद्वाज- पुत्र, जो दीर्घकालतक देवताओंमें रह चुके हैं, कुरुक्षेत्रमें कौशिकके पुत्र बनकर उत्पन्न होंगे

English

Thereupon going to the city of Bārānasi Nikumbha appeared in a dream to a barber by name Kanduka and said to him. "O sinless one, I shall encompass your well-being. Place a faithful image of mine in the city." O king, what he commanded in a dream was all carried out (43–48). Having duly made an announcement to the king at the gate of the city he began daily to worship him (Nikumbha) with scents, garland, incense, lamps, food, and drink. This appeared to be extremely wondrous (49–50). Thus the lord of _Ganas_ was daily worshipped. Thereupon he began to confer thousands of boons on the citizens, such as sons, gold, long life and various desired-for objects (51). The eldest queen of the king Divodāsa was celebrated by the name of Suyasha. Despatched by her husband that chaste damsel appeared there for a son (52). Offering him a grand _Pujā_ she prayed for a son. Thus did she daily come there for a son (53). But for some reason Nikumbha did not give her a son, thinking "If the king gets enraged I shall accomplish my object" (54). Thereupon after a long time the king was possessed by anger. He said "This ghost, stationed at the main gate, is delightedly conferring hundreds of boons on my citizens; why does he not confer one on me? My people in this city are always worshipping him. I requested of him for a son for my queen. Why does not that ungrateful wretch confer a son on me (55–57)? So this ghost does not deserve good treatment from any, especially from me. I shall therefore have the habitation of this vicious-souled one destroyed" (58). Having made this resolution that vicious-souled, wicked king sacked the house of that king of _Ganas_ (59). Having seen his own house destroyed Nikumbha imprecated a curse on the king saying, "I have committed no offence; and still while my house has been ruined, this city, all on a sudden, shall be shorn of its people" (60).

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 5

हिंसया विहरिष्यन्तो धर्मं पितृकृतेन वै ।ततस्ते पुनराजातिं भ्रष्टाः प्राप्स्यन्ति कुत्सिताम्

hiṃsayā vihariṣyanto dharmaṃ pitṛkṛtena vai | tataste punarājātiṃ bhraṣṭāḥ prāpsyanti kutsitām

हिन्दी अर्थ

वे (ब्राह्मण होनेपर भी) पितरोंके लिये धर्म (श्राद्)-के बहाने हिंसा करेंगे, फिर वह हिंसारूपी पाप करनेके कारण भ्रष्ट होकर कुत्सित योनिमें उत्पन्न होंगे

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 6

तेषां पितृप्रसादेन पूर्वजातिकृतेन वै ।स्मृतिरुत्पत्स्यते प्राप्य तां तां जतिं जुगुप्सिताम्

teṣāṃ pitṛprasādena pūrvajātikṛtena vai | smṛtirutpatsyate prāpya tāṃ tāṃ jatiṃ jugupsitām

हिन्दी अर्थ

परंतु पूर्वजन्मके पितरोंकी कृपाके कारण उस-उस निन्दित योनिमें उत्पन्न होनेपर भी उनको पूर्वजन्मकी स्मृति बनी रहेगी

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 7

ते धर्मचारिणो नित्यं भविष्यन्ति समाहिताः ।ब्राह्मण्यं प्रतिलप्स्यन्ति ततो भूयः स्वकर्मणा

te dharmacāriṇo nityaṃ bhaviṣyanti samāhitāḥ | brāhmaṇyaṃ pratilapsyanti tato bhūyaḥ svakarmaṇā

हिन्दी अर्थ

वे प्रत्येक जन्ममें धर्मात्मा रहकर अपने चित्तको सावधान रखेंगे और (अन्तमें) अपने कर्मवश फिर ब्राह्मणत्वको प्राप्त कर लेंगे

English

Thereupon going to the city of Bārānasi Nikumbha appeared in a dream to a barber by name Kanduka and said to him. "O sinless one, I shall encompass your well-being. Place a faithful image of mine in the city." O king, what he commanded in a dream was all carried out (43–48). Having duly made an announcement to the king at the gate of the city he began daily to worship him (Nikumbha) with scents, garland, incense, lamps, food, and drink. This appeared to be extremely wondrous (49–50). Thus the lord of _Ganas_ was daily worshipped. Thereupon he began to confer thousands of boons on the citizens, such as sons, gold, long life and various desired-for objects (51). The eldest queen of the king Divodāsa was celebrated by the name of Suyasha. Despatched by her husband that chaste damsel appeared there for a son (52). Offering him a grand _Pujā_ she prayed for a son. Thus did she daily come there for a son (53). But for some reason Nikumbha did not give her a son, thinking "If the king gets enraged I shall accomplish my object" (54). Thereupon after a long time the king was possessed by anger. He said "This ghost, stationed at the main gate, is delightedly conferring hundreds of boons on my citizens; why does he not confer one on me? My people in this city are always worshipping him. I requested of him for a son for my queen. Why does not that ungrateful wretch confer a son on me (55–57)? So this ghost does not deserve good treatment from any, especially from me. I shall therefore have the habitation of this vicious-souled one destroyed" (58). Having made this resolution that vicious-souled, wicked king sacked the house of that king of _Ganas_ (59). Having seen his own house destroyed Nikumbha imprecated a curse on the king saying, "I have committed no offence; and still while my house has been ruined, this city, all on a sudden, shall be shorn of its people" (60).

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 8

ततश्च योगं प्राप्स्यन्ति पूर्वजातिकृतं पुनः ।भूयः सिद्धिमनुप्राप्ताः स्थानं प्राप्स्यन्ति शाश्वतम्

tataśca yogaṃ prāpsyanti pūrvajātikṛtaṃ punaḥ | bhūyaḥ siddhimanuprāptāḥ sthānaṃ prāpsyanti śāśvatam

हिन्दी अर्थ

उस जन्ममें वे पुनः अपने पूर्वजन्मके योगको पायेंगे और फिर सिद्धिको पाकर शाश्वत स्थानको प्राप्त करेंगे

English

Thereupon going to the city of Bārānasi Nikumbha appeared in a dream to a barber by name Kanduka and said to him. "O sinless one, I shall encompass your well-being. Place a faithful image of mine in the city." O king, what he commanded in a dream was all carried out (43–48). Having duly made an announcement to the king at the gate of the city he began daily to worship him (Nikumbha) with scents, garland, incense, lamps, food, and drink. This appeared to be extremely wondrous (49–50). Thus the lord of _Ganas_ was daily worshipped. Thereupon he began to confer thousands of boons on the citizens, such as sons, gold, long life and various desired-for objects (51). The eldest queen of the king Divodāsa was celebrated by the name of Suyasha. Despatched by her husband that chaste damsel appeared there for a son (52). Offering him a grand _Pujā_ she prayed for a son. Thus did she daily come there for a son (53). But for some reason Nikumbha did not give her a son, thinking "If the king gets enraged I shall accomplish my object" (54). Thereupon after a long time the king was possessed by anger. He said "This ghost, stationed at the main gate, is delightedly conferring hundreds of boons on my citizens; why does he not confer one on me? My people in this city are always worshipping him. I requested of him for a son for my queen. Why does not that ungrateful wretch confer a son on me (55–57)? So this ghost does not deserve good treatment from any, especially from me. I shall therefore have the habitation of this vicious-souled one destroyed" (58). Having made this resolution that vicious-souled, wicked king sacked the house of that king of _Ganas_ (59). Having seen his own house destroyed Nikumbha imprecated a curse on the king saying, "I have committed no offence; and still while my house has been ruined, this city, all on a sudden, shall be shorn of its people" (60).

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 9

एवं धर्मे च ते बुद्धिर्भविष्यति पुनः पुनः ।योगधर्मे च नितरां प्राप्स्यसे बुद्धिमुत्तमाम्

evaṃ dharme ca te buddhirbhaviṣyati punaḥ punaḥ | yogadharme ca nitarāṃ prāpsyase buddhimuttamām

हिन्दी अर्थ

इसी प्रकार तुम्हारी बुद्धि भी बारम्बार धर्ममें ही लगी रहेगी और तुम्हें योगधर्मके विषयमें सब प्रकारसे उत्तम बुद्धि प्राप्त होगी

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 10

योगो हि दुर्लभो नित्यमल्पप्रज्ञैः कदाचन ।लब्ध्वापि नाशयन्त्येनं व्यसनैः कटुतामिताः ।अधर्मेष्वेव वर्तन्ते प्रार्दयन्ते गुरूनपि

yogo hi durlabho nityamalpaprajñaiḥ kadācana | labdhvāpi nāśayantyenaṃ vyasanaiḥ kaṭutāmitāḥ | adharmeṣveva vartante prārdayante gurūnapi

हिन्दी अर्थ

अल्पबुद्धि मनुष्योंको योगसिद्धि मिलना सदा दुर्लभ है। उन्हें कदाचित्‌ योगसिद्धि मिल भी जाय तो वे (मृगया आदि) व्यसनोंसे क्रूर होकर उसे नष्ट | कर डालते हैं। वे अधर्मके कामोंमें ही लगे रहते हैं तथा अपने गुरुजनोंको भी कष्टमें डालते रहते हैं

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 11

याचन्ते न त्वयाच्यानि रक्षन्ति शरणागतान् ।नावजानन्ति कृपणान् माद्यन्ते न धनोष्मणा

yācante na tvayācyāni rakṣanti śaraṇāgatān | nāvajānanti kṛpaṇān mādyante na dhanoṣmaṇā

श्लोक 11–15 का हिन्दी अर्थ

जो अयाच्यसे याचना नहीं करते, शरणागतोंकी क्षा करते हैं, कृपण (दीन) पुरुषोंका अपमान नहीं करते तथा जो धनकी गर्मीसे मदमत्त नहीं होते, जिनका भाहार-विहार शास्त्रानुकूल होता है, जो अपने कर्मोंमें गास्त्रानुसार चेष्टा करते हैं, ईश्वरके ध्यान तथा स्वाध्यायमें परायण रहते हैं, नष्ट हुई वस्तुको पानेके लिये चोर भादिको नहीं ढूँढ़ते, सर्वदा भोगमें ही लीन नहीं रहते, पर्वदा मधु-मांसका भक्षण नहीं करते और सर्वदा क्रामपरायण भी नहीं रहते तथा जो सर्वदा ब्राह्मणोंकी पेवा करते हैं, अनार्य पुरुषोंकी बातोंमें आसक्त नहीं होते, जिनको कभी आलस्य नहीं सताता, जो अत्यन्त भभिमानमें आसक्त नहीं रहते, सदा आत्ममीमांसा करनेमें लगे रहते हैं, ऐसे शान्त चित्तवाले, क्रोधको जीतनेवाले, मान तथा अहंकाररहित मनुष्योंको योगसिद्धि मिलती है; क्योंकि पृथ्वीमें योगकी प्राप्ति अति दुर्लभ दे

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 12

युक्ताहारविहाराश्च युक्तचेष्टाः स्वकर्मसु ।ध्यानाध्ययनयुक्ताश्च न नष्टानुगवेषिणः

yuktāhāravihārāśca yuktaceṣṭāḥ svakarmasu | dhyānādhyayanayuktāśca na naṣṭānugaveṣiṇaḥ

अर्थ श्लोक 11 के साथ

English

Thereupon going to the city of Bārānasi Nikumbha appeared in a dream to a barber by name Kanduka and said to him. "O sinless one, I shall encompass your well-being. Place a faithful image of mine in the city." O king, what he commanded in a dream was all carried out (43–48). Having duly made an announcement to the king at the gate of the city he began daily to worship him (Nikumbha) with scents, garland, incense, lamps, food, and drink. This appeared to be extremely wondrous (49–50). Thus the lord of _Ganas_ was daily worshipped. Thereupon he began to confer thousands of boons on the citizens, such as sons, gold, long life and various desired-for objects (51). The eldest queen of the king Divodāsa was celebrated by the name of Suyasha. Despatched by her husband that chaste damsel appeared there for a son (52). Offering him a grand _Pujā_ she prayed for a son. Thus did she daily come there for a son (53). But for some reason Nikumbha did not give her a son, thinking "If the king gets enraged I shall accomplish my object" (54). Thereupon after a long time the king was possessed by anger. He said "This ghost, stationed at the main gate, is delightedly conferring hundreds of boons on my citizens; why does he not confer one on me? My people in this city are always worshipping him. I requested of him for a son for my queen. Why does not that ungrateful wretch confer a son on me (55–57)? So this ghost does not deserve good treatment from any, especially from me. I shall therefore have the habitation of this vicious-souled one destroyed" (58). Having made this resolution that vicious-souled, wicked king sacked the house of that king of _Ganas_ (59). Having seen his own house destroyed Nikumbha imprecated a curse on the king saying, "I have committed no offence; and still while my house has been ruined, this city, all on a sudden, shall be shorn of its people" (60).

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 13

नोपभोगरता नित्यं न मांसमधुभक्षणाः ।न च कामपरा नित्यं न विप्रासेविनस्तथा

nopabhogaratā nityaṃ na māṃsamadhubhakṣaṇāḥ | na ca kāmaparā nityaṃ na viprāsevinastathā

अर्थ श्लोक 11 के साथ

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 14

नानार्यसङ्कथासक्ता नालस्योपहतास्तथा ।नात्यन्तमानसंसक्ता गोष्ठीषु निरतास्तथा

nānāryasaṅkathāsaktā nālasyopahatāstathā | nātyantamānasaṃsaktā goṣṭhīṣu niratāstathā

अर्थ श्लोक 11 के साथ

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 15

प्राप्नुवन्ति नरा योगं योगो वै दुर्लभो भुवि ।प्रशान्ताश्च जितक्रोधा मानाहङ्कारवर्जिताः

prāpnuvanti narā yogaṃ yogo vai durlabho bhuvi | praśāntāśca jitakrodhā mānāhaṅkāravarjitāḥ

अर्थ श्लोक 11 के साथ

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 16

कल्याणभाजनं ये तु ते भवन्ति यतव्रताः ।एवंविधास्तु ते तात ब्राह्मणा ह्यभवंस्तदा

kalyāṇabhājanaṃ ye tu te bhavanti yatavratāḥ | evaṃvidhāstu te tāta brāhmaṇā hyabhavaṃstadā

हिन्दी अर्थ

ऐसे ब्रतोंका पालन करनेवाले मनुष्य ही कल्याणके पात्र होते हैं। तात! वे (भरद्वाजपुत्र) से ही ब्राह्मण बनकर उत्पन्न हुए हैं

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 17

स्मरन्ति ह्यात्मनो दोषं प्रमादकृतमेव तु ।ध्यानाध्ययनयुक्ताश्च शान्ते वर्त्मनि संस्थिताः

smaranti hyātmano doṣaṃ pramādakṛtameva tu | dhyānādhyayanayuktāśca śānte vartmani saṃsthitāḥ

हिन्दी अर्थ

वे अपने प्रमादवश हुए दोषका स्मरण करते रहते हैं और ध्यान था स्वाध्यायमें लगे रहकर शान्त मार्गमें स्थित रहते थे

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 18

योगधर्माद्धि धर्मज्ञ न धर्मोऽस्ति विशेषवान् ।वरिष्ठः सर्वधर्माणां तमेवाचर भार्गव

yogadharmāddhi dharmajña na dharmo'sti viśeṣavān | variṣṭhaḥ sarvadharmāṇāṃ tamevācara bhārgava

हिन्दी अर्थ

धर्मज् भार्गव ! योगधर्मसे श्रेष्ठ और कोई धर्म हीं है। वह सभी धर्मोसे श्रेष्ठ है, अत: तुम उसीका भाचरण करो

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 19

कालस्य परिणामेन लघ्वाहारो जितेन्द्रियः ।तत्परः प्रयतः श्राद्धी योगधर्ममवाप्स्यसि

kālasya pariṇāmena laghvāhāro jitendriyaḥ | tatparaḥ prayataḥ śrāddhī yogadharmamavāpsyasi

हिन्दी अर्थ

यदि तुम श्रद्धापूर्वक प्रयत्रशील एवं योगधर्ममें परायण रहकर हलका भोजन करते हुए जितेन्द्रिय रहोगे तो कालक्रमसे तुम्हें योगसिद्धि प्राप्त हो जायगी

English

Thereupon going to the city of Bārānasi Nikumbha appeared in a dream to a barber by name Kanduka and said to him. "O sinless one, I shall encompass your well-being. Place a faithful image of mine in the city." O king, what he commanded in a dream was all carried out (43–48). Having duly made an announcement to the king at the gate of the city he began daily to worship him (Nikumbha) with scents, garland, incense, lamps, food, and drink. This appeared to be extremely wondrous (49–50). Thus the lord of _Ganas_ was daily worshipped. Thereupon he began to confer thousands of boons on the citizens, such as sons, gold, long life and various desired-for objects (51). The eldest queen of the king Divodāsa was celebrated by the name of Suyasha. Despatched by her husband that chaste damsel appeared there for a son (52). Offering him a grand _Pujā_ she prayed for a son. Thus did she daily come there for a son (53). But for some reason Nikumbha did not give her a son, thinking "If the king gets enraged I shall accomplish my object" (54). Thereupon after a long time the king was possessed by anger. He said "This ghost, stationed at the main gate, is delightedly conferring hundreds of boons on my citizens; why does he not confer one on me? My people in this city are always worshipping him. I requested of him for a son for my queen. Why does not that ungrateful wretch confer a son on me (55–57)? So this ghost does not deserve good treatment from any, especially from me. I shall therefore have the habitation of this vicious-souled one destroyed" (58). Having made this resolution that vicious-souled, wicked king sacked the house of that king of _Ganas_ (59). Having seen his own house destroyed Nikumbha imprecated a curse on the king saying, "I have committed no offence; and still while my house has been ruined, this city, all on a sudden, shall be shorn of its people" (60).

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 20

इत्युक्त्वा भगवान् देवस्तत्रैवान्तरधीयत ।अष्टादशैव वर्षाणि त्वेकाहमिव मेऽभवत्

ityuktvā bhagavān devastatraivāntaradhīyata | aṣṭādaśaiva varṣāṇi tvekāhamiva me'bhavat

हिन्दी अर्थ

(मार्कण्डेयजी कहते हैं कि) इतनी त्रातें कहकर भगवान्‌ सनत्कुमार वहीं अन्तर्धान हो गये। पे (सनत्कुमारकी सेवामें बीते हुए) अठारह वर्ष मुझे एक दिनके समान प्रतीत हुए

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 21

उपासतस्तं देवेशं वर्षाण्यष्टादशैव मे ।प्रसादात् तस्य देवस्य न ग्लानिरभवत्तदा

upāsatastaṃ deveśaṃ varṣāṇyaṣṭādaśaiva me | prasādāt tasya devasya na glānirabhavattadā

हिन्दी अर्थ

अठारह वर्षतक इन देवेशकी उपासना करते रहनेपर भी उनकी कृपाके क्रारण उस समय मुझे कुछ भी ग्लानि नहीं हुई

अध्याय 19

श्लोक 22

न क्षुत्पिपासे कालं वा जानामि स्म तदानघ ।पश्चाच्छिष्यसकाशात्तु कालः संविदितो मया

na kṣutpipāse kālaṃ vā jānāmi sma tadānagha | paścācchiṣyasakāśāttu kālaḥ saṃvidito mayā

हिन्दी अर्थ

नष्पाप! मुझे भूख, प्यास और समय आदि कुछ न आालूम हुआ। बादमें शिष्यके द्वारा मुझे समयका पता नगा

English

Thereupon going to the city of Bārānasi Nikumbha appeared in a dream to a barber by name Kanduka and said to him. "O sinless one, I shall encompass your well-being. Place a faithful image of mine in the city." O king, what he commanded in a dream was all carried out (43–48). Having duly made an announcement to the king at the gate of the city he began daily to worship him (Nikumbha) with scents, garland, incense, lamps, food, and drink. This appeared to be extremely wondrous (49–50). Thus the lord of _Ganas_ was daily worshipped. Thereupon he began to confer thousands of boons on the citizens, such as sons, gold, long life and various desired-for objects (51). The eldest queen of the king Divodāsa was celebrated by the name of Suyasha. Despatched by her husband that chaste damsel appeared there for a son (52). Offering him a grand _Pujā_ she prayed for a son. Thus did she daily come there for a son (53). But for some reason Nikumbha did not give her a son, thinking "If the king gets enraged I shall accomplish my object" (54). Thereupon after a long time the king was possessed by anger. He said "This ghost, stationed at the main gate, is delightedly conferring hundreds of boons on my citizens; why does he not confer one on me? My people in this city are always worshipping him. I requested of him for a son for my queen. Why does not that ungrateful wretch confer a son on me (55–57)? So this ghost does not deserve good treatment from any, especially from me. I shall therefore have the habitation of this vicious-souled one destroyed" (58). Having made this resolution that vicious-souled, wicked king sacked the house of that king of _Ganas_ (59). Having seen his own house destroyed Nikumbha imprecated a curse on the king saying, "I have committed no offence; and still while my house has been ruined, this city, all on a sudden, shall be shorn of its people" (60).

स्रोत: local proofread transcription: Sanskrit shlokas of the Harivamsa (Harivamsha, Vishnu and Bhavishya parvas) from sanskritdocuments.org. One chapter per adhyaya; verse numbers as printed in the source (restarting in each adhyaya). Appendix sections are not included. · प्राप्त 19/10/2026

पिछलाअध्याय 18Parva 1, Adhyāya 18अगलाअध्याय 20Parva 1, Adhyāya 20

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शास्त्रीय प्रामाणिकता एवं पारदर्शकताSources & Interpretation

स्रोत, संस्करण एवं व्याख्या वर्गीकरण

धर्म ग्रंथ पर मूल शास्त्र, पारंपरिक भाष्य और आधुनिक व्याख्या को पूर्णतः पृथक रखा जाता है ताकि पाठक को किसी भी व्याख्या के शास्त्र होने का भ्रम न हो।

सामग्री वर्गीकरण संकेत (Epistemic Content Labels)

6 स्तरिय प्रमाण व्यवस्था
मूल पाठOriginal text

अपौरुषेय / प्रामाणिक शास्त्र (Primary Canonical Scripture)

मूल संस्कृत, प्राकृत अथवा अवधी श्लोक/मंत्र। यह सर्वोच्च प्रमाण (प्रस्थान) है। इस पाठ में किसी भी आधुनिक व्याख्याकार का हस्तक्षेप नहीं है।

शाब्दिक अनुवादLiteral translation

पदार्थ व अन्वय (Direct Grammatical & Word-for-Word Meaning)

व्याकरणसम्मत प्रत्यक्ष शब्दार्थ (अन्वय)। बिना किसी दार्शनिक संप्रदाय के पूर्वाग्रह के, संस्कृत शब्दों का सटीक भाषांतर।

पारंपरिक भाष्यTraditional commentary

आचार्य परंपरा व टीका (Classical Lineage Commentary)

प्राचीन आचार्य परंपरा (यथा शंकराचार्य, रामानुजाचार्य, मध्वाचार्य, श्रीधर स्वामी) द्वारा विरचित शास्त्रीय भाष्य व टीकाएं।

सरल व्याख्याSimple explanation

भावार्थ व सुबोध प्रबोधन (Accessible Pedagogical Exposition)

आधुनिक जिज्ञासुओं के लिए सरल भाषा में भावार्थ। यह मूल मंत्र नहीं, बल्कि पाठ को सुगम बनाने हेतु संपादकीय व्याख्या है।

आधुनिक चिंतनModern reflection

समसामयिक विमर्श व अनुप्रयोग (Contemporary Application & Analysis)

दार्शनिक, मनोवैज्ञानिक व वैज्ञानिक समरूपताओं पर आधुनिक चिंतन। यह मूल शास्त्र का अंग नहीं है और इसे शास्त्रोक्त सिद्धांत के रूप में नहीं देखा जाना चाहिए।

शोध टिप्पणीResearch note

पांडुलिपि एवं ऐतिहासिक शोध (Critical Apparatus & Manuscript Research)

पांडुलिपि विविधताएं, पाठ-भेद (variant readings), छंद रचना, और ऐतिहासिक व तुलनात्मक भाषावैज्ञानिक शोध। यह शास्त्र का मूल संदेश बदलने हेतु नहीं, बल्कि पाठ की प्रामाणिकता परखने के लिए है।

पाठ-भेद एवं संशोधनVariants & corrections

पाठ-भेद टिप्पणी (Alternative Reading / Variant Notes):

Collated with BORI Critical Edition of Mahabharata Khilaparvan.